On Starvation and Obesity, With Special Reference to Acidosis

Folin, Otto; Denis, W.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)88204-7

Cited by 74 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In line with isocaloric PF, FMD last 2 or more days and are interspersed with at least 7 days of ad libitum feeding. The therapeutic interest in IF and PF is not an entirely new concept with Otto Folin and W. Denis demonstrating in 1915 that prolonged fasting ameliorated obesity and metabolic syndrome ( 141 ). Although recent studies have re-emphasized the therapeutic benefits of fasting, the molecular mechanisms underlying beneficial effects of these diets on the islet are only starting to be elucidated more than 100 years later.…”

Section: Islet Response To Time-dependent Regulation Of Food Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

It’s What and When You Eat: An Overview of Transcriptional and Epigenetic Responses to Dietary Perturbations in Pancreatic Islets

Brown

Matveyenko

2022

Front. Endocrinol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Our ever-changing modern environment is a significant contributor to the increased prevalence of many chronic diseases, and particularly, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although the modern era has ushered in numerous changes to our daily living conditions, changes in “what” and “when” we eat appear to disproportionately fuel the rise of T2DM. The pancreatic islet is a key biological controller of an organism’s glucose homeostasis and thus plays an outsized role to coordinate the response to environmental factors to preserve euglycemia through a delicate balance of endocrine outputs. Both successful and failed adaptation to dynamic environmental stimuli has been postulated to occur due to changes in the transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of pathways associated with islet secretory function and survival. Therefore, in this review we examined and evaluated the current evidence elucidating the key epigenetic mechanisms and transcriptional programs underlying the islet’s coordinated response to the interaction between the timing and the composition of dietary nutrients common to modern lifestyles. With the explosion of next generation sequencing, along with the development of novel informatic and –omic approaches, future work will continue to unravel the environmental-epigenetic relationship in islet biology with the goal of identifying transcriptional and epigenetic targets associated with islet perturbations in T2DM.

show abstract

Section: Islet Response To Time-dependent Regulation Of Food Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

It’s What and When You Eat: An Overview of Transcriptional and Epigenetic Responses to Dietary Perturbations in Pancreatic Islets

Brown

Matveyenko

2022

Front. Endocrinol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In 1915, fasting therapy for obesity was described by Folin & Denis [5]. Repeated short periods of fasting were proposed as a safe and effective method of weight reduction [5].…”

Section: History Of Fastingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomics of human fasting: new insights about old questions

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since ancient days, human fasting has been performed for religious or political reasons. More recently, fasting has been employed as an effective therapy for weight reduction by obese people, and numerous studies have investigated the physiology of fasting by obese subjects. Well-established fasting markers (butyrates, BCAAs and carnitines) were considered essential energy substitutes after glycogen storage depletion. However, a recently developed metabolomic approach has unravelled previously unappreciated aspects of fasting. Surprisingly, one-third (44) of 120 metabolites investigated increase during 58 h of fasting, including antioxidative metabolites (carnosine, ophthalmic acid, ergothioneine and urates) and metabolites of entire pathways, such as the pentose phosphate pathway. Signalling metabolites (3-hydroxybutyrate and 2-oxoglutarate) and purines/pyrimidines may also serve as transcriptional modulators. Thus, prolonged fasting activates both global catabolism and anabolism, reprogramming metabolic homeostasis.

show abstract

“…Fasting was speculated to have a host of benefits as early as 1915 when Otto Folin recommended short periods of starvation as an effective means to reduce weight in obese individuals. 1 In 1946, Anton Carlson coined the term ‘intermittent fasting’ when investigating its effect on longevity in rats. 2 Carlson also noted that many religious individuals historically attributed their long lifespan to periodically abstaining from food.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Randomized controlled trial of once-per-week intermittent fasting for health improvement: the WONDERFUL trial

Bartholomew

Muhlestein

May

et al. 2021

European Heart Journal Open

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) predicts heart disease onset and may be reduced by intermittent fasting. Some studies, though, reported that fasting increased LDL-C; however, no study evaluated LDL-C as the primary endpoint. This randomized controlled trial evaluated the effect of low-frequency intermittent fasting on LDL-C and other biomarkers. Methods Adults ages 21-70 years were enrolled who were not taking a statin, had modestly elevated LDL-C, had ≥1 metabolic syndrome feature or type 2 diabetes, and were not taking anti-diabetic medication (N = 103). Water-only 24-hour fasting was performed twice-weekly for 4 weeks, then once-weekly for 22 weeks; controls ate ad libitum. The primary outcome was 26-week LDL-C change score. Secondary outcomes (requiring p ≤ 0.01) were 26-week changes in homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), Metabolic Syndrome Score (MSS), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and MicroCog general cognitive proficiency index (GCPi). Results Intermittent fasting (n = 50) and control (n = 53) subjects were, respectively, aged 49.3±12.0 and 47.0±9.8 years, predominantly female (66.0% & 67.9%), overweight (103±24 & 100±21 kg), and had modest LDL-C elevation (124±19 & 128±20 mg/dL). Drop-outs (n = 12 fasting, n = 20 control) provided an evaluable sample of n = 71 (n = 38 fasting, n = 33 control). Intermittent fasting did not change LDL-C (0.2±16.7 mg/dL) versus control (2.5±19.4 mg/dL; p = 0.59), but it improved HOMA-IR (-0.75±0.79 vs. -0.10±1.06; p = 0.004) and MSS (-0.34±4.72 vs. 0.31±1.98, p = 0.006). BDNF (p = 0.58), GCPi (p = 0.17), and weight (-1.7±4.7 kg vs. 0.2±3.5 kg, p = 0.06) were unchanged. Conclusions A low-frequency intermittent fasting regimen did not reduce LDL-C or improve cognitive function, but significantly reduced both HOMA-IR and MSS. Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02770313

show abstract

On Starvation and Obesity, With Special Reference to Acidosis

Cited by 74 publications

References 0 publications

It’s What and When You Eat: An Overview of Transcriptional and Epigenetic Responses to Dietary Perturbations in Pancreatic Islets

It’s What and When You Eat: An Overview of Transcriptional and Epigenetic Responses to Dietary Perturbations in Pancreatic Islets

Metabolomics of human fasting: new insights about old questions

Randomized controlled trial of once-per-week intermittent fasting for health improvement: the WONDERFUL trial

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About