On spinodal decomposition in magnetron-sputtered (Ti,Zr) nitride and carbide thin films

Knotek, O.; Barimani, A.

doi:10.1016/0040-6090(89)90868-7

Cited by 79 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…It has been speculated that the hardness increase for some ternary ceramic coating 2 nm 20 nm 16 materials at elevated temperatures is caused by phase separation and spinodal decomposition [69][70][71][72][73][74]. However, a critical review reveals that there is a lack in explaining the responsible microstructural changes and providing supporting observation.…”

Section: Nanocomposite Ceramic Thin Filmsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Materials Science of Wear-Protective Nanostructured Thin Films

Hultman

2004

NATO Science Series II: Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry

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Nano-design routes for ceramic thin films by PVD are reviewed. For TiN/NbN superlattices, glide within the layers is the dominant deformation mechanism in support of models for superhardening. Theory presumes plasticity with dislocation hindering at interfaces between phases with different shear modulus. It is shown that the superlattices exhibit crystal rotation near an indent, scratch or wear zone. A concept for age hardening of metastable coating materials is presented for the Ti-Al-N system. Spinodal decomposition with coherent cubic-phase nm-size domains is thus demonstrated, causing an increase in hardness during annealing. Finally, inherently nanolaminated hexagonal M n+1 AX n -phases are considered (n=1,2,3; M=transition metal; A-group element; X=C/N). These phases combine ceramic and metallic properties. MAX phases in thin film form are reported, including Ti 3 SiC 2 and Ti 2 AlN. Nanoindentation combined with electron microscopy reveals kink formation and cohesive delamination on the basal planes of these ductile materials.

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Section: Nanocomposite Ceramic Thin Filmsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Materials Science of Wear-Protective Nanostructured Thin Films

Hultman

2004

NATO Science Series II: Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry

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“…[25][26][27] This dense interface hinders the diffusion of foreign elements, such as oxygen from the gas phase and metallic atoms from the substrate, thus improving the thermal stability of this film. 25,26,28) At 900 C, in spite of the coarse surface morphology (Fig. 4), the hardness value of A-1 film is still high.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The FWHM values of A-1 film increased after annealing up to 900 C. According to other authors, these results indicate a probable phase separation into c-AlN and CrN components by spinodal decomposition with annealing. [24][25][26][27][28] Accordingly, the increase in hardness of the film possibly contributes to the age hardening of the sample due to the spinodal decomposition.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidation Resistance of CrAlN Films with Different Microstructures Prepared by Pulsed DC Balanced Magnetron Sputtering System

et al. 2010

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CrAlN films were prepared using a pulsed DC balanced reactive sputtering system under different N 2 /Ar ratios and pulse widths. We investigated the oxidation resistance of two CrAlN films with different microstructures; i) with a fcc-CrN structure, lower internal stress and moderate hardness, and ii) with a mixed structure of hcp-AlN and hcp-Cr 2 N phases, higher internal stress and super high hardness of 41 GPa. The CrAlN film (i) having the single fcc-CrN structure showed good oxidation resistance up to 900 C. The plastic hardness of this film increased to a maximum of 38.5 GPa at 900 C. In contrast, the CrAlN film (ii) with the mixed structure of hcp-AlN and hcp-Cr 2 N phases was stable up to 800 C. The plastic hardness of this film decreased gradually with annealing.

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“…High temperature at the cutting edge also causes degradation of the coating due to the inter-diffusion of elements to and from the workpiece. In order to achieve improved properties, multilayered nitride coatings for the material systems TiN/NbN [15][16][17][18], TiN/VN [18,19], TiN/(V,Nb)N [20] and solid solutions of TiN-HfN, TiN-NbN, TiNZrN [21][22][23][24][25] and TiN-AlN [26] were prepared and investigated. The hardness of the complex nitride is greater than that of MN (M = Ti, V, Zr, Nb, Hf, Al).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spinodal decomposition has been investigated in a number of complex hard material systems [21,25]. Decomposition phenomena lead to exceptional characteristics (increased hardness, wear resistance, thermal stability) in the region of the miscibility gap.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interface Structure of Ceramic Composite in Ti-Zr-N Ternary System

Yang

Etchessahar

Bars

et al. 2001

phys. stat. sol. (a)

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Interface structures of compositional ceramics in Ti-Zr-N ternary systems have been investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The (Ti,Zr)N 0.82 ceramic consists of three phases (F 1 , F 2 and F 3 ) that have identical crystal structure but different lattice constants. Interface dislocations at the F 3 phase side accommodate the difference in the lattice constants between adjacent phases at interphase boundaries. The interfaces parallel to lower index crystallographic planes are formed by misfit dislocations, lower index micro-facets and/or atomic steps for relieving the strain field near the interface created by the lattice mismatch between adjacent phases.

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On spinodal decomposition in magnetron-sputtered (Ti,Zr) nitride and carbide thin films

Cited by 79 publications

References 1 publication

Materials Science of Wear-Protective Nanostructured Thin Films

Materials Science of Wear-Protective Nanostructured Thin Films

Oxidation Resistance of CrAlN Films with Different Microstructures Prepared by Pulsed DC Balanced Magnetron Sputtering System

Interface Structure of Ceramic Composite in Ti-Zr-N Ternary System

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