“…Let X be a random variable from the Kies distribution, the associated probability density function (PDF), cumulative distribution function (CDF), survival function (SF) and hazard rate function (HRF) can be expressed respectively as Like traditional exponential, Weibull and gamma distributions, the Kies distribution also features decreasing, increasing, and bathtub-shaped hazard rates, respectively (Satheesh Kumar and Dharmaja 19,20 ), which make it very flexible in data fitting. Especially, the bathtub HRF of the Kies model may be useful in modeling different data and helps to associate this model as an useful alternative to traditional distributions like gamma, Weibull, modified Weibull, etc.…”