On-site and off-site atmospheric PBDEs in an electronic dismantling workshop in south China: Gas-particle partitioning and human exposure assessment

Emission patterns and risk assessment of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and bromophenols in water and sediments from the Beijiang River, South China

“…The most used BFRs are polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs) as well as hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) (Covaci et al, 2003). Although some of BFRs have been banned recently (BSEF, 2014) or are restricted in use due to their persistence, toxicity and bioaccumulation, they are still often detected in various environmental matrices (An et al, 2011a;Chen et al, 2009;Xiong et al, 2015) and biota (Cruz et al, 2015;He et al, 2012;Sun et al, 2015), even in humans (Covaci et al, 2003;Wang et al, 2015a). Because of their continued presence in the environment, their emission patterns were monitored frequently.…”

The health risk attenuation by simultaneous elimination of atmospheric VOCs and POPs from an e-waste dismantling workshop by an integrated de-dusting with decontamination technique

“…For PBDEs, recoveries from eight spiking experiments ranged from 70.5% to 85.2% [14]. Two individual samples were subsampled from GFFs and then analyzed.…”

“…Furthermore, similar to VOCs, both TSP and associated POPs had much higher concentrations within on-site workshops than off-site ones during the working hours [14,15]. Inhaling particles with high POPs concentrations during recycling operations imposed significant health risks on the workers inside the workshop [3,[16][17][18].…”

Distribution profile, health risk and elimination of model atmospheric SVOCs associated with a typical municipal garbage compressing station in Guangzhou, South China

“…where C is average concentrations of contaminants (ng m À3 ); T is the time spent at target region every day (h), and 24 h was used to consider people at GCS and CA since they spend a whole day working and living in the same place; IR is the average inhalation rate, 20 m 3 d À1 for Chinese adults adopted (An et al, 2011a); BW represents body weight, where an average of 70 kg was used. RfD and IUR of OCPs were listed in Table S3.…”

“…Non-cancer risk from OCPs inhalation was assessed based on average daily intake (ADI, ng kg À1 d À1 ) and reference dose (RfD, mg kg À1 d À1 ) recommended by USEPA, and cancer risk was calculated via inhalation unit risk (IUR, per mg m À3 ) from USEPA (An et al, 2011a;Qiao et al, 2010):…”