On Railway Cuttings and Embankments; With an Account of Some Slips in the London Clay, on the Line of the London and Croydon Railway.

Gregory, C H

doi:10.1680/imotp.1844.24537

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Earlier Gregory (1844) describing the slip at New Cross Station on the London-Croydon railway noted that 'innumerable breaks or faults in this soil are found to be covered with crystals in minute flakes or spiculae between which the water would have a clear passage'.…”

Section: Eocenementioning

confidence: 99%

The relevance of soil fabric to site investigation practice

Rowe

1972

Géotechnique

206

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investigation practice Data are collected from 35 sites where the fabric of clay soils is related to laboratory and field behaviour. The sites are chosen to range over the geological series from Recent to Ordovician time and to include applications to dams, road embankments, cuts, retaining walls, foundations and culverts. The cases illustrate the inadequacy of conventional site investigation procedure for major civil engineering projects with respect to the relevant properties of natural foundation strata.It is shown to be essential first to examine, describe and record the fabrics of consecutive soil samples and if sampling is relevant to use the knowledge of the overall geology, fabric details, and water levels in relation to the engineering problem to decide the location, quality, and size of specimens for element and model tests. The quality and size of specimens influence the drilling technique.Brief mention is made of consecutive and continuous sampling, of stereo photomacrographic technique, of equipment for sampling and testing 250 mm dia. specimens and of a centrifuge large enough to accept models representative of natural fabric.The proposals, which are reviewed in the light of earlier work of Hvorslev, Harding, Terzaghi, and Peck, are adaptable to the class of investigation appropriate to the problem, the geology and the available finance.Financial arrangements which avoid overall competitive tendering for site investigations are considered to be essential if improvements in the quality of site reports are to be achieved.On a rassemble les donnees relatives a 35 sites pour lesquels le comportement des sols au laboratoire et in situ est fonction de la nature de l'argile. Les sites ont Cte choisis de man&e a recouvrir les differentes dpoques geologiques allant de l'epoque recente a I'Ordovicien et de maniere a comprendre les applications aux barrages, aux talus de routes, aux murs de souttnement, aux fondations et aux canaux.Ces exemples demontrent l'inadaptation des methodes classiques d'dtudes des sites pour les projets importants de genie civil en ce qui concerne les proprittes des couches de fondations naturelles. On montre qu'il est essentiel de commencer par examiner, decrire et noter la texture des echantillons isoles et si ceux-ci sont representatifs il faut alors utiliser les don&es fournies par la geologic g&&ale, les details de la texture? les niveaux d'eau, en fonction des problemes de gtme civil poses pour decider du choix de l'emplacement, de la qualite et de la taille des carottes pour les essais sur modeles ou en laboratoire. La qualite et la taille des carottes influencent la methode de forage a utiliser. On cite rapidement le carottage continu ou discontinu, les techniques de stereo photomacrographie, le materiel de prise d'echantillons et d'essais pour carottes de 250 mm de diamttre et une centrifugeuse suffisamment grande pour recevoir les modeles representatifs d'une structure naturelle.ies suggestions faites, examinees en fonction des travaux anterieurs de Hvorslev, Harding, Terzag...

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Section: Eocenementioning

confidence: 99%

The relevance of soil fabric to site investigation practice

Rowe

1972

Géotechnique

206

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“…As early as 1844, an engineer, Gregory and a geologist, Sir Henry Delabache observed the softening of fissures within the London clay and suggested that progressive softening might account for slips that occurred several years after construction [5]. Soon after, it was suggested that clay slopes along canals would eventually be reduced to inclinations similar to those exhibited in the natural terrain.…”

Section: Slopes and Overconsolidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the first suggestions by Gregory and Delabeche that the strength of the London clay was being reduced by a softening of the clay material adjacent to fissures, several other researchers have alluded to this possible mechanism to account for the deterioration of strength in many clays [5].…”

Section: Slip Surface Ru = Wh/zmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Shear Strength of Prefailed Overconsolidated Clayey Slopes by Fast Shearing

Kirim¹,

Cebeci

2020

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi

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Önceden kaymış şev, Yüksek ve alçak plastiliteli killi toprak, Reziduel ve kesme kuvveti, Aşırı konsolide, Şev kararlılığı, Özet: Killi zeminler geoteknik biliminin başlangıcından beri incelenmekte olabilir, ancak kilin farklı yükleme durumlarında ve farklı şartlardaki davranışı halen incelenmektedir. Bu çalışma, yüksek ya da düşük plastitedeki killerden oluşmuş önceden kaymış şevlerle ilgilidir. Kaymadan sonra, "zeminin gücü reziduel değere düşer" düşüncesi genel anlamda kabul görmüş ve önceden kaymış şevlerin kararlılık hesaplarında bu değer kullanılmıştır. Bu noktada, eğer şev kilden oluşuyorsa sorusu akıllara gelebilir; daha detaylı düşünürsek, eğer şev yüksek ya da düşük plastisiteli aşırı konsolide killerden oluşuyorsa kesme davranışında ne gibi farklılıklar olabilir? İşte bu çalışmanın ana noktası budur. Deneylerde, düşük plastisiteli örnekler için Kaolin, yüksek plastisiteli örnekler icin ise ağırlıkça %50 Kaolin ve %50 Bentonit karışımı kullanılmıştır. Deney aşamaları olarak, önce örnekler aşırı konsolide edilir, daha sonra reziduel değerlerine kadar kesme deneyi sürdürülür ve son olarak da hızlı kesme deneyi gerçekleştirilir. 30 (otuz) testin sonunda sonuçlar beklendiği gibi elde edilir. Yüksek plastik numuneler aynı normal stres altında daha düşük mukavemet değerleri vermektedir; asıl ilginç sonuç, reziduel mukavemet ile daha yüksek bir kesme hızındaki kesme mukavemeti arasındaki değerler arasındaki farktır.

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