On Quenching Distance of Mixtures of Methane and Hydrogen with Air

Receptors for the Fc portion of immunoglobulin G (IgG; FcgammaRs) facilitate IgG uptake by effector cells as well as cellular responses initiated by IgG binding. In earlier studies, we demonstrated that amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patient IgG can be taken up by motor neuron terminals and transported retrogradely to the cell body and can alter the function of neuromuscular synapses, such as increasing intracellular calcium and spontaneous transmitter release from motor axon terminals after passive transfer. In the present study, we examined whether FcgammaR-mediated processes can contribute to these effects of ALS patient immunoglobulins. F(ab')(2) fragments (which lack the Fc portion) of ALS patient IgG were not taken up by motor axon terminals and were not retrogradely transported. Furthermore, in a genetically modified mouse lacking the gamma subunit of the FcR, the uptake of whole ALS IgG and its ability to enhance intracellular calcium and acetylcholine release were markedly attenuated. These data suggest that FcgammaRs appear to participate in IgG uptake into motor neurons as well as IgG-mediated increases in intracellular calcium and acetylcholine release from motor axon terminals.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 56%

Immunoglobulin Fcγ receptor promotes immunoglobulin uptake, immunoglobulin‐mediated calcium increase, and neurotransmitter release in motor neurons

Mohamed

Mosier

Zou

et al. 2002

J of Neuroscience Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Notice that the quench lengths were relatively independent of wall composition, as one would expect if thermal quenching dominates. The data show an average quench length of 2.5 mm compared to 2.5 mm calculated by averaging the values in the work of Kondo et al (1992), Fukuda et al (1981), Ono and Wakuri (1977), and Maekawa et al (1975). Figure 5 shows results from the high surface temperature tests, where walls were externally heated so that the inside wall temperature of the slot started at 1000°C (temperatures were measured when the walls were 3 mm apart).…”

Section: Figure 2 Machined Groove Pattern For Each Of the Three Burnmentioning

confidence: 91%

Submillimeter‐scale combustion

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…In 1817, Davy performed experiments showing the inability of flames to propagate between gaps of submillimeter scale [4]. His work was followed by many other groups, whose work confirmed that depending on geometry, composition, and flow rate, hydrocarbon/air flames are typically quenched when confined within spaces with critical dimensions < 1-2 mm [5][6][7][8][9]. The two primary mechanisms for quenching in these systems are thermal and radical quenching [2,10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%