On porosity of archeological bones I — Textural characterization of pathological Spanish medieval human bones

Bosch, P.; Moreno‐Castilla, Carlos; Zapata-Benabithe, Zulamita; Aguilera, Inmaculada Alemán; Lara, V.H.; Lory, Josefina Mansilla; Pijoan, Carmen; López, María Carmen López

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.09.018

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In accordance with previous macroscopic reports [ 9 , 14 – 25 ] and the duration of the infection our investigations revealed a great variation of pathological changes (Table 2 , Figs. 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 and 5 ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Micro-CT evaluation of historical human skulls presenting signs of syphilitic infection

Fraberger

Dockner

Winter

et al. 2021

Wien Klin Wochenschr

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Summary Background In tertiary syphilis, Treponema pallidum triggers the formation of granulomatous nodules in various organs of the human body. Within the skeleton, predominantly in the skull and long bones, these characteristic syphilitic lesions cause typical patterns of bone damage. In this study, micro-computed tomography (µ-CT) was used to assess the microarchitecture of these osseous defects in untreated syphilitic skull bones. Material and methods Bone structure of 30 macerated human skulls was noninvasively examined by means of µ-CT images (Viscom X8060 NDT). A total of 20 specimens showing typical morphological signs of syphilis were provided by the Collection of Anatomical Pathology of the Museum of Natural History in Vienna. They were compared to 10 macerated control skulls provided by the Division of Anatomy of the Medical University of Vienna. Results All samples affected by syphilis showed perforating defects and increased porosity. Furthermore, we observed sclerotic reorganization and complete loss of the cortical bone in 80% of infected cases. Cortical thinning occurred in 75%. Conclusion Our findings revealed extensive micromorphological bone destruction and a broad variability of osseous manifestations of (tertiary) syphilis.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Micro-CT evaluation of historical human skulls presenting signs of syphilitic infection

Fraberger

Dockner

Winter

et al. 2021

Wien Klin Wochenschr

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show abstract

“…Using a two-step technique for replicating the specimen surface, mapping of bone-remodelling patterns and growth dynamics has been able to explain the apomorphic features of the Neanderthal mandible. 190 Morphological features peculiar to various diseases including syphilis, 191,192 infantile scurvy, 193 rickets, 194 osteomalacia, 195 etc. have been noted in archaeological human bone.…”

Section: Sem In Paleoarchaeologymentioning

confidence: 99%

50 years of scanning electron microscopy of bone—a comprehensive overview of the important discoveries made and insights gained into bone material properties in health, disease, and taphonomy

2019

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Bone is an architecturally complex system that constantly undergoes structural and functional optimisation through renewal and repair. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) is among the most frequently used instruments for examining bone. It offers the key advantage of very high spatial resolution coupled with a large depth of field and wide field of view. Interactions between incident electrons and atoms on the sample surface generate backscattered electrons, secondary electrons, and various other signals including X-rays that relay compositional and topographical information. Through selective removal or preservation of specific tissue components (organic, inorganic, cellular, vascular), their individual contribution(s) to the overall functional competence can be elucidated. With few restrictions on sample geometry and a variety of applicable sample-processing routes, a given sample may be conveniently adapted for multiple analytical methods. While a conventional SEM operates at high vacuum conditions that demand clean, dry, and electrically conductive samples, non-conductive materials (e.g., bone) can be imaged without significant modification from the natural state using an environmental scanning electron microscope. This review highlights important insights gained into bone microstructure and pathophysiology, bone response to implanted biomaterials, elemental analysis, SEM in paleoarchaeology, 3D imaging using focused ion beam techniques, correlative microscopy and in situ experiments. The capacity to image seamlessly across multiple length scales within the meso-micro-nano-continuum, the SEM lends itself to many unique and diverse applications, which attest to the versatility and user-friendly nature of this instrument for studying bone. Significant technological developments are anticipated for analysing bone using the SEM.

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New results in ancient Maya rituals researches: The study of human painted bones fragments from Calakmul archaeological site (Mexico)

Rigon

Izzo

Pascual

et al. 2020

Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports

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On porosity of archeological bones I — Textural characterization of pathological Spanish medieval human bones

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

Micro-CT evaluation of historical human skulls presenting signs of syphilitic infection

Micro-CT evaluation of historical human skulls presenting signs of syphilitic infection

50 years of scanning electron microscopy of bone—a comprehensive overview of the important discoveries made and insights gained into bone material properties in health, disease, and taphonomy

New results in ancient Maya rituals researches: The study of human painted bones fragments from Calakmul archaeological site (Mexico)

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