“…After conducting an exploratory factor analysis supporting the presence of two factors corresponding to the two types of passion with the first sample, they confirmed the bi-factorial structure with the second sample using confirmatory factor analysis. These findings on the factor validity of the Passion Scale has been replicated in a number of studies conducted both in a variety of activity and life domains (e.g., Carbonneau, Vallerand, Fernet, & Guay, 2008;Castelda, Mattson, MacKillop, Anderson, & Donovick, 2007;Lafrenière, Jowett, Vallerand, Donahue, & Lorimer, 2008, Studies 1 and 2; Philippe, Vallerand, Adrianarisoa, & Brunel, 2009, Studies 1 and 2; Rousseau,Vallerand, Ratelle, Mageau, & Provencher, 2002 ;Vallerand, Mageau et al, 2008, Studies 1 and 2; Vallerand, Ntoumanis et al, 2008;Vallerand, Rousseau, Grouzet, Dumais, & Grenier, 2006). In addition, in a study with over 3,500 participants, Marsh and colleagues (2012) have shown that the scale is reliable and valid and is equivalent both in English and French, for both men and women, across various age groups, and for a Making PeoPle's life Most Worth living number of different activities.…”