On-orbit performance of the MIPS instrument

Rieke, G. H.; Young, Erick T.; Cadien, J.; Engelbracht, C. W.; Gordon, K. D.; Kelly, Douglas; Low, F. J.; Misselt, K. A.; Morrison, J.; Muzerolle, James; Rivlis, G.; Stansberry, J.; Beeman, J. W.; Häller, E. E.; Frayer, David; Latter, William B.; Noriega-Crespo, A.; Padgett, Deborah; Hines, Dean C.; Bean, Jacob; Burmester, William; Heim, Gerald B.; Glenn, T.; Ordóñez, Raúl; Schwenker, John P.; Siewert, Sam; Strecker, D. W.; Tennant, S.; Troeltzsch, J.; Unruh, Bryce; Warden, Robert; Ade, Peter A. R.; Alonso‐Herrero, A.; Blaylock, Myra L.; Dole, H.; Egami, Eiichi; Hinz, J. L.; LeFloc'h, Emeric; Papovich, Casey; Pérez‐González, Pablo G.; Rieke, M. J.; Smith, Paul S.; Su, Kate; Bennett, Lee; Henderson, David; Lu, N.; Masci, Frank J.; Pesenson, Meyer Z.; Rebull, L. M.; Rho, Jeonghee; Keene, J.; Stolovy, S.; Wachter, Stefanie; Wheaton, W. A.; Richards, P. L.; Garner, H.; Hegge, M. J.; Henderson, M. L.; MacFeely, Kim I.; Michika, David; Miller, Chris D.; Neitenbach, M.; Winghart, J.; Woodruff, Robert A.; Arens, Ellen; Beichman, Charles; Gaalema, Stephen D.; Gautier, T. N.; Lada, Charles J.; Mould, Jeremy; Neugebauer, G.; Stapelfeldt, K.

doi:10.1117/12.551965

Cited by 26 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The LMC has been surveyed by the Spitzer Space Telescope using both the Infrared Array Camera (IRAC; Rieke et al 2004) and the Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer (MIPS; Fazio et al 2004) under the Legacy Program "SAGE" (Meixner et al 2006). The observations were made in the IRAC 3.6, 4.5, 5.8, and 8.0 µm and MIPS 24, 70, and 160 µm bands in July and October-November, 2005.…”

Section: Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dense Molecular Clumps Associated With the Large Magellanic Cloud Supergiant Shells LMC 4 and LMC 5

Fujii

Minamidani

Mizuno

et al. 2014

ApJ

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We investigate the effects of Supergiant Shells (SGSs) and their interaction on dense molecular clumps by observing the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) star forming regions N48 and N49, which are located between two SGSs, LMC 4 and LMC 5. 12 CO (J=3-2, 1-0) and 13 CO(J=1-0) observations with the ASTE and Mopra telescopes have been carried out towards these regions. A clumpy distribution of dense molecular clumps is revealed with 7 pc spatial resolution. Large velocity gradient analysis shows that the molecular hydrogen densities (n(H 2 )) of the clumps are distributed from low to high density (10 3 -10 5 cm −3 ) and their kinetic temperatures (T kin ) are typically high (greater than 50 K). These clumps seem to be in the early stages of star formation, as also indicated from the distribution of Hα, young stellar object candidates, and IR emission. We found that the N48 region is located in the high column density H I envelope at the interface of the two SGSs and the star formation is relatively evolved, whereas the N49 region is associated with LMC 5 alone and the star formation is quiet. The clumps in the N48 region typically show high n(H 2 ) and T kin , which are as dense and warm as the clumps in LMC massive cluster-forming areas (30 Dor, N159). These results suggest that the large-scale structure of the SGSs, especially the interaction of two SGSs, works efficiently on the formation of dense molecular clumps and stars.

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Section: Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dense Molecular Clumps Associated With the Large Magellanic Cloud Supergiant Shells LMC 4 and LMC 5

Fujii

Minamidani

Mizuno

et al. 2014

ApJ

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“…To compare the WISE outburst spectral energy distribution (SED) with that at quiescence, we have extracted archival Spitzer data for Z Cam. The source was observed with IRAC (Fazio et al 2004) on MJD53663, using the Infrared Spectrograph peak-up array (Houck et al 2004) on MJD53654, and with MIPS (Rieke et al 2004) on MJD53687. The fluxes for the Spitzer observations were derived using MOPEX (Makovoz et al 2006), and are listed in Table 2.…”

Section: The Mid-infrared Observations Of Z Cammentioning

confidence: 99%

THE WISE LIGHT CURVES OF Z CAMELOPARDALIS DURING OUTBURST: EVIDENCE FOR SYNCHROTRON EMISSION?

Harrison

2014

ApJ

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“…However, there are other materials with smaller bandgaps -such as GaAs ( 310 m) [30] and InAs ( 880 m) [29] that could potentially be used for far IR FPAs. Germanium FPAs have provided high sensitivity, wide dynamic range, and, of great importance, electrical compatibility with the established Si CMOS readout technology [13][14][15][16][17][18]25]. …”

Section: 1-detectormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our effort has leveraged the rich heritage of the developmental work in this area, in particular the work of Erick Young et al which culminated in construction of the Ge:Ga FPAs for Spitzer's MIPS instrument [10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Similar efforts have also been carried out by other investigators with equally impressive FPAs for PACS of Herschel [14][15][16], FIFI LS of SOFIA [16], and FIS of AKARI [17][18][19].…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

Design of a 1k pixel Ge:Sb focal-plane array for far-IR astronomy

et al. 2008

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Development of large format, far infrared focal-plane arrays has been identified as a pressing need for future astronomical instruments. In particular, array sizes as large as 128x128 with sensitivities equal to or better than 10 -18 W/ Hz are the goals to be achieved within the next fifteen years. As part of our continuing effort to further this technology, we are developing a 32x32 Ge:Sb photoconductor FPA with a CTIA cryogenic readout multiplexer. A new, layered-hybrid architecture is employed to block the readout glow, improve heat dissipation and temperature uniformity across the array, and alleviate the potential problems associated with the large CTE mismatch between the Ge detector and the Si readout. This is the first 1k-pixel photoconductor FPA of its kind and is meant to be a pathfinder for future large format FPAs. Based on the test results of a prototype 2x16 Ge:Sb array of similar design, we expect the sensitivity of this FPA to be as low as 10 -18 W/ Hz. This paper presents the design, characteristics, and the expected performance of this array.Recent studies of technology needs for future NASA astronomical missions have highlighted the serious lack of capability to fabricate large format focal-plane arrays (FPAs) for the scientifically rich but relatively unexplored far IR and submillimeter region (40-1000 m) [1][2][3]. This important technology has not benefited from the latest advances in FPA development for near and mid-IR primarily because of the absence of commercial and defense drivers. The need for large format far IR FPAs has further been echoed in the specific assessments of SAFIR (Single Aperture Far Infrared Observatory) [4-6] and its subsequent design concept CALISTO (Cryogenic Aperture Large Infrared Space Telescope Observatory) [7,8]. SAFIR/CALISTO is conceptualized as a 10m cold-aperture far IR/sub-mm observatory requiring FPAs larger than 128x128 with sensitivities better than 10 -19 W/ Hz. In addition, such far IR FPAs will be of critical importance to advanced instrumentation for SOFIA (Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy) -due to start its observing flights in 2009 -and SPICA (SPace Infrared Telescope for Cosmology and Astrophysics) -a Japanese 3.5m space telescope covering the 5-200 m wavelength range [9].Given this technology need, we have been making incremental progress in fabricating large format photodetector FPAs with the ultimate goal of developing the capability similar to that which currently exists for shorter wavelength IR arrays. The path to establishing such capability is not straightforward since practically all the principal components of such an FPA need to be developed and, due to significant differences between short and long wavelength photodetector materials, the technology for short wavelength FPAs cannot be extended routinely.Our effort has leveraged the rich heritage of the developmental work in this area, in particular the work of Erick Young et al. which culminated in construction of the Ge:Ga FPAs for Spitzer's MIPS instrument [10][11][12]...

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On-orbit performance of the MIPS instrument

Cited by 26 publications

References 9 publications

Dense Molecular Clumps Associated With the Large Magellanic Cloud Supergiant Shells LMC 4 and LMC 5

Dense Molecular Clumps Associated With the Large Magellanic Cloud Supergiant Shells LMC 4 and LMC 5

THE WISE LIGHT CURVES OF Z CAMELOPARDALIS DURING OUTBURST: EVIDENCE FOR SYNCHROTRON EMISSION?

Design of a 1k pixel Ge:Sb focal-plane array for far-IR astronomy

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