On-orbit monitoring of MODIS thermal emissive bands response versus scan angle

Xiong, X.; Wu, Aisheng; Guenther, B.; Barnes, William

doi:10.1117/12.736786

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…To test the accuracy of the tool, we compared our observation predictions to each of the past MODIS and VIIRS lunar roll maneuvers 3,4 in Sec. 3 and pitch maneuvers [20][21][22] in Sec. 4.…”

Section: Definition Of the Instrument And Observation Coordinate Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For MODIS and VIIRS, pitch maneuvers (about the y axis of the ICS) are used in order to characterize the RVS of the TEB when looking at deep space through the EV port during the maneuver. [20][21][22] For some of these maneuvers, the timing is chosen such that the Moon is visible near the nadir AOI during the maneuver so that an extra observation of the Moon takes place away from the nominal phase angles mentioned previously. During these nadir observations, multiple instruments on board the same platform can view the Moon simultaneously, which provides an opportunity for instrument intercomparison.…”

Section: Lunar Observations From Pitch Maneuversmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since pitch maneuvers provide valuable information regarding the on-orbit changes to the TEB RVS as well as additional lunar observation opportunities, 20,21,22 it is important for each mission to understand the future opportunities that will be available. The relative positions of the Sun, Earth, and Moon can be predicted with high accuracy for many decades in the future, 29 but the actual instrument positions cannot be projected long term since various maneuvers are performed throughout each mission in order to provide small corrections to the orbital drift.…”

Section: Pitch Maneuver Orbit Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Planning lunar observations for satellite missions in low-Earth orbit

Wilson

Xiong

2019

J. Appl. Rem. Sens.

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For Earth-observing satellites in low-Earth orbit, radiometric calibration of the sensors on-orbit is critical for maintaining consistent Earth-view (EV) retrievals as the mission progresses. Many of these satellite instruments use on-board calibration targets, EV sites, and observations of celestial targets in order to perform the sensor characterization. Among the celestial targets, the Moon is widely used across a range of Earth-observing instruments in order to perform radiometric calibration, spatial characterization, and sensor intercomparison. Since many of these instruments use satellite maneuvers in order to bring the Moon into view at a desired time, calculating the time and geometric parameters of the observations is vital for mission planning purposes. We develop a simple tool for planning such observations of the Moon and other celestial targets for instruments in low-Earth orbit based on the SPICE toolkit developed by the Navigation and Ancillary Information Facility at NASA. Given a set of satellite orbital data along with a definition of the instrument coordinates, the tool is designed to provide the timing of observations for an arbitrary view-port direction and a maneuver along an arbitrary axis relative to the spacecraft. The tool can be tested versus known lunar observations for the Aqua and Terra moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer and the Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20 visible infrared imaging radiometer suite instruments for both roll and pitch maneuvers. We also perform simulations of lunar observations for different instrument configurations, orbits, and maneuver types in order to analyze the change in the potential lunar observations. Finally, we show a simple extension of the tool which can be used for identifying planet and star observations.

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Section: Definition Of the Instrument And Observation Coordinate Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lunar Observations From Pitch Maneuversmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pitch Maneuver Orbit Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Planning lunar observations for satellite missions in low-Earth orbit

Wilson

Xiong

2019

J. Appl. Rem. Sens.

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“…The RVS EV is a function of AOI. The Terra MODIS TEB RVS were derived using on-orbit data collected during spacecraft pitch maneuvers and Aqua MODIS TEB RVS were derived from pre-launch measurements [32,33]. L SM is the scan mirror radiance and has a small contribution to the TEB calibration due to the difference between the SV and EV RVS.…”

Section: Modismentioning

confidence: 99%

MODIS and VIIRS Calibration and Characterization in Support of Producing Long-Term High-Quality Data Products

et al. 2020

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Terra and Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) have successfully operated since their launches in 1999 and 2002, respectively, and generated various data products to support the Earth remote sensing disciplines and users worldwide for their research activities and applications, including studies of the Earth system, and its changes over time and geographic regions. The MODIS data have also significantly contributed to the continuity of multi-decadal satellite data records and led to major advances in the Earth remote sensing field. The long-term data records from MODIS observations have been and will continue to be extended by the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) instruments, currently operated aboard the Suomi-National Polar-Orbiting Partnership (NPP) and NOAA-20 satellites. The data quality of satellite instruments strongly depends on their calibration accuracy and stability. In order to help scientists and users gain a better understanding of MODIS and VIIRS data quality, this paper provides an overview of their on-orbit calibration methodologies, approaches, and results derived from instrument on-board calibrators and lunar observations, as well as select Earth view targets. What is also discussed is the calibration consistency between MODIS and VIIRS and its potential impact on producing multi-sensor long-term data records. As illustrated, the overall performance of both MODIS and VIIRS continues to meet their design requirements.

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“…The EV external radiance is essentially zero. Because of this, the TEB RVS can be determined by examining the relative change of the emissive radiation across the entire EV scan range, which is proportional to the change in detector's relative responses [20][21] . Data used in TEB RVS characterization include detector responses to the deep space and to the on-board BB.…”

Section: Thermal Emissive Band Rvs Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

MODIS and VIIRS on-orbit calibration and characterization using observations from spacecraft pitch maneuvers

Xiong

Angal

et al. 2018

Earth Observing Systems XXIII

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Two MODIS instruments (Terra and Aqua) and two VIIRS instruments (S-NPP and JPSS-1) are currently operated in space, continuously making global earth observations in the spectral range from visible (VIS) to long-wave infrared (LWIR). These observations have enabled a broad range of environmental data records to be generated and distributed in support of both operational and scientific community. Despite extensive pre-launch calibration and characterization performed for both MODIS and VIIRS instruments and routine on-orbit calibration activities carried out using their onboard calibrators (OBC), various spacecraft maneuvers have also been designed and implemented to further enhance the sensor on-orbit calibration and data quality. This paper focuses on the use of observations made during spacecraft pitch maneuvers of MODIS and VIIRS in support of their on-orbit characterization of thermal emissive bands (TEB) response versus scan-angle (RVS). In the case of Terra MODIS, lunar observations made from instrument nadir view during spacecraft pitch maneuvers are used to compare with that made regularly through instrument space view (SV) port to evaluate on-orbit changes in RVS and band-to-band registration (BBR) for the reflective solar bands (RSB). In addition to results derived from spacecraft pitch maneuvers performed for MODIS and VIIRS, discussion is provided on the advantages, challenges, and lessons for future considerations and improvements.

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On-orbit monitoring of MODIS thermal emissive bands response versus scan angle

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Planning lunar observations for satellite missions in low-Earth orbit

Planning lunar observations for satellite missions in low-Earth orbit

MODIS and VIIRS Calibration and Characterization in Support of Producing Long-Term High-Quality Data Products

MODIS and VIIRS on-orbit calibration and characterization using observations from spacecraft pitch maneuvers

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