“…The data was analyzed using averaging and integration techniques to obtain forward and backward fluxes through the slices along the horizontal axis of the flowphantom up to 8 cm behind the valve. The LBM used in this work has been validated in a number of studies [21,9,17,18,19,16,8,24,14,35,34] and the inputs for the model are solely the geometry and the measured inlet flow. Hence, here, the model can be considered as an "in silico" gold standard, which is then used to explain the effect of turbulence on the underestimation of backward flow measured by PC-MRI.…”