On Mechanisms of Change in Psychodynamic Therapy

Leichsenring, Falk; Steinert, Christiane; Crits‐Christoph, Paul

doi:10.13109/zptm.2018.64.1.16

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…Applying the same logic to CBT would reduce the support for CBT considerably since the mechanisms of change are not fully clear for CBT as well. However, none of the CBT proponents seems to have ever applied this argument to CBT, only to other approaches [ 19 ].…”

Section: Evidence For Cbtmentioning

confidence: 99%

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“Gold Standards,” Plurality and Monocultures: The Need for Diversity in Psychotherapy

et al. 2018

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For psychotherapy of mental disorders, presently several approaches are available, such as interpersonal, humanistic, systemic, psychodynamic or cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). Pointing to the available evidence, proponents of CBT claim that CBT is the gold standard. Some authors even argue for an integrated CBT-based form of psychotherapy as the only form of psychotherapy. CBT undoubtedly has its strengths and CBT researchers have to be credited for developing and testing treatments for many mental disorders. A critical review, however, shows that the available evidence for the theoretical foundations of CBT, assumed mechanisms of change, quality of studies, and efficacy is not as robust as some researchers claim. Most important, there is no consistent evidence that CBT is more efficacious than other evidence-based approaches. These findings do not justify regarding CBT as the gold standard psychotherapy. They even provide less justification for the idea that the future of psychotherapy lies in one integrated CBT-based form of psychotherapy as the only type of psychotherapy. For the different psychotherapeutic approaches a growing body of evidence is available. These approaches have their strengths because of differences in their respective focus on interpersonal relationships, affects, cognitions, systemic perspectives, experiential, or unconscious processes. Different approaches may be suitable to different patients and therapists. As generally assumed, progress in research results from openness to new ideas and learning from diverse perspectives. Thus, different forms of evidence-based psychotherapy are required. Plurality is the future of psychotherapy, not a uniform “one fits all” approach.

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Section: Evidence For Cbtmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For testing equivalence, a margin has to be specified that is regarded as compatible with equivalence [ 57 ]. In addition, the efficacy of the active comparator must be ensured [ 19 , 58 ]. A recent equivalence meta-analysis fulfilled these requirements [ 33 ].…”

Section: Evidence For Cbtmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Gold Standards,” Plurality and Monocultures: The Need for Diversity in Psychotherapy

et al. 2018

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“…El estudio de procesos tanto más que el de resultados es el tema de nuestro tiempo en psicoterapia (Hayes y Hofmann, 2018;Holmes et al, 2018;Kazantzis, 2018;Leichsenring, Steinert y Crits-Christoph, 2018;Liddle, 2016). Siendo que las psicoterapias funcionan aun cuando no se sabe a ciencia cierta cómo, surge el estudio de los procesos y mecanismos, supuesto que sea cosa de mecanismos.…”

Section: Proliferación De Procesos Y Dimensiones Transdiagnósticasunclassified

“…Es previsible también que abunden las teorías tipo "cepillo de dientes" según la imagen de Walter Mischel de manera que cada cual tendrá la suya y no querrá usar la de los demás (Mischel, 2009). Por lo pronto, habrá procesos neurofisiológicos (vía RDoC), cognitivo-conductuales (Hayes y Hofmann, 2018), psicodinámicos (Leichsenring et al, 2018), sistémicos (Liddle, 2016), etc. Por otro lado, se han identificado ochenta y tres teorías de cambio psicológico (Michie, West, Campbell, Brown y Gainforth, 2014).…”

Section: Proliferación De Procesos Y Dimensiones Transdiagnósticasunclassified

“…Siendo la terapia cognitivo-conductual la más representada en los estudios de eficacia, importa señalar que no es superior a otras ni siquiera en depresión (Cuijpers, Cristea, Karyotak, Reijnders y Huibers, 2016;Driessen et al, 2017;Wampold et al, 2017), como para reclamar el "estándar de oro" de la psicoterapia (David, Cristea y Hofmann, 2018), como tampoco ninguna otra (Leichsenring et al, 2018). Esto no quiere decir que no haya unas terapias más eficaces o eficientes que otras en determinados problemas.…”

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La Psicoterapia Como Ciencia Humana, Más Que Tecnológica

Pérez‐Álvarez¹

2018

Pap. Psicol.

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A constructive replication of client change during psychodynamic treatment in an outpatient setting

Jankowski,

Sandage,

Crabtree

et al. 2023

Couns and Psychother Res

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We responded to the need for replication in psychotherapy research by extending a prior naturalistic study documenting the effectiveness of long‐term psychodynamic treatment. We employed three novel analytic strategies and evaluated their influence on substantive interpretations offered in the prior study. The sample consisted of clients (N = 387; Mage = 31.61; SD = 11.13; 58.9% female; 79.1% Caucasian/White) receiving outpatient treatment at a psychodynamic training clinic. Results replicated the original two‐class solutions for social functioning, depression and life satisfaction. Novel to the replication analyses, each trajectory for social functioning and depression exhibited nonlinear change and results advanced research on a theorised mechanism of effective psychodynamic treatment. Results showed that change in experiential avoidance was a possible mechanism between early‐treatment change in social functioning and later‐treatment changes in depression symptoms and life satisfaction. Clinical implications focus on the influence that initial levels of symptoms and well‐being may have on early and later phases of treatment, monitoring progress throughout treatment, and how to promote symptom and well‐being improvement.

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On Mechanisms of Change in Psychodynamic Therapy

Cited by 15 publications

References 34 publications

“Gold Standards,” Plurality and Monocultures: The Need for Diversity in Psychotherapy

“Gold Standards,” Plurality and Monocultures: The Need for Diversity in Psychotherapy

La Psicoterapia Como Ciencia Humana, Más Que Tecnológica

A constructive replication of client change during psychodynamic treatment in an outpatient setting

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