On mechanism of antioxidant effect of fullerenols

Abstract

Fullerenols are nanosized water-soluble polyhydroxylated derivatives of fullerenes, specific allotropic form of carbon, bioactive compounds and perspective pharmaceutical agents. Antioxidant activity of fullerenols was studied in model solutions of organic and inorganic toxicants of oxidative type – 1,4-benzoquinone and potassium ferricyanide. Two fullerenol preparations were tested: С60О2–4(ОН)20–24 and mixture of two types of fullerenols С60О2–4(ОН)20–24+С70О2–4(ОН)20–24. Bacteria-based and enzyme-based bioluminescent assays were used to evaluate a decrease in cellular and biochemical toxicities, respectively. Additionally, the enzyme-based assay was used for the direct monitoring of efficiency of the oxidative enzymatic processes. The bacteria-based and enzyme-based assays showed similar peculiarities of the detoxification processes: (1) ultralow concentrations of fullerenols were active (ca 10–17–10−4 and 10–17–10−5 g/L, respectively), (2) no monotonic dependence of detoxification efficiency on fullerenol concentrations was observed, and (3) detoxification of organic oxidizer solutions was more effective than that of the inorganic oxidizer. The antioxidant effect of highly diluted fullerenol solutions on bacterial cells was attributed to hormesis phenomenon; the detoxification was concerned with stimulation of adaptive cellular response under low-dose exposures. Sequence analysis of 16S ribosomal RNA was carried out; it did not reveal mutations in bacterial DNA. The suggestion was made that hydrophobic membrane-dependent processes are involved to the detoxifying mechanism. Catalytic activity of fullerenol (10−8 g/L) in NADH-dependent enzymatic reactions was demonstrated and supposed to contribute to adaptive bacterial response.

Fullerol C60(OH)24 Nanoparticles Affect Secondary Metabolite Profile of Important Foodborne Mycotoxigenic Fungi In Vitro

“…(abiotic stressors), reflect on the reactive oxygen species, and more specifically, the signals (nuclear factors) that initiate/modulate biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, if the stressor is within the level that induces adaptation and survival rather than cell death [10,28,29]. At the same time, fullerol C 60 (OH) 24 nanoparticles (FNP) possess an antioxidative potential and poorly defined environmental reactivity [10,12,30]. These factors suggest that FNP modulation of the secondary metabolite profile of mycotoxigenic fungi would likely add to already increased contamination of the environment by mycotoxins.…”

Low-intensity Exposures via Luminescent Bioassays of Different Complexity: Cells, Enzyme Reactions and Fluorescent Proteins

“…Figure 11. Antioxidant activity of humic substances was studied in [80][81][82][83][84] and fullerenols -in [84][85][86][87]. Cellular and enzymatic assays were used to evaluate a General Toxicity (GT) under conditions of the oxidative stress; this stress was modeled in the solutions of exogenous organic or inorganic oxidizers (1,4-benzoquinone or potassium ferricianide, respectively).…”

“…The latter appears in the presence of Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 21 August 2019 doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0221.v1exogenous oxidizers, depending on their redox potential and concentration[25]. Justification for GTand OxT application to evaluate toxicity of bioactive compounds is presented in[80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87].Principle of antioxidant efficiency evaluation is presented inFigure forbacteria-based (upper line) and enzyme-based (lower line) bioassays; humic substances are chosen here as an example of an antioxidant agent.…”

A Multiparametric Study of Internalization of Fullerenol C60(OH)36 Nanoparticles into Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells: Cytotoxicity in Oxidative Stress Induced by Ionizing Radiation

“…Fullerenols are bioactive compounds, polyhydroxylated water-soluble derivatives of fullerenes, a third natural allotropic variation of carbon [5,16,17]. The chemical structure of fullerenol C 60 (OH) x is presented in Figure 1.…”

“…The results of the study carried out by Yin et al (2009) [22] indicated that C 60 (C(COOH) 2 ) 2 , C 60 (OH) 22 , and Gd@C 82 (OH) 22 could protect cells against H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative damage, stabilized the mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduced intracellular ROS production. Due to their hydrophilic properties and the ability to scavenge free radicals, fullerenol could provide a valuable alternative to conventional pharmacological agents [17]. The effect of polyhydroxylated fullerenol NPs on adult male Wistar rats treated with DOX was investigated by Jacevic et al (2017) [23].…”