Abstract. The equivalent circuit model is established to reflect the physical characteristics of the inner winding of the transformer, and then the parameters of the equivalent circuit model are calculated by using the finite element simulation software Maxwell ANSYS. Based on the establishment of the transformer winding equivalent circuit model and the distribution of resistance, capacitance, inductance calculation results, the variation of the distribution parameters of different winding faults is obtained. Use circuit analysis software PSpice and data analysis software MATLAB to simulate and set up the deformation of different types and degrees of transformer winding, such as winding axis shift, winding radial deformation, change of pitch of winding. According to the variation of the distribution parameters, the variation of the frequency response curve of the transformer winding is obtained.