On Haney-Type Surface Thermal Boundary Conditions for Ocean Circulation Models

Chu, Peter C.; Chen, Yu‐Chun; Lü, Sihua

doi:10.1175/1520-0485(1998)028<0890:ohtstb>2.0.co;2

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…Recent studies (Chu et al, 1998) show that the Haney type sea surface boundary condition (Haney, 1971) is not valid for regional seas. For the YES modeling, it is necessary to use all the fluxes (Chu et al 2001).…”

Section: Surface Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variability of the Yellow Sea/East China Sea surface fluxes and thermohaline structure

2005

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We use the U.S. Navy's Master Oceanographic Observation Data Set (MOODS) for the Yellow Sea/East China Sea (YES) to investigate the climatological water mass features and the seasonal and non-seasonal variabilities of the thermohaline structure, and use the Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set (COADS) from 1945 to 1989 to investigate the linkage between the fluxes (momentum, heat, and moisture) across the air-ocean interface and the formation of the water mass features. After examining the major current systems and considering the local bathymetry and water mass properties, we divide YES into five regions: East China Sea (ECS) shelf, Yellow Sea (YS) Basin, Cheju bifurcation (CB) zone, Taiwan Warm Current (TWC) region, Kuroshio Current (KC) region. The long term mean surface heat balance corresponds to a heat loss of 30 W m −2 in the ESC and CB regions, a heat loss of 65 W m −2 in the KC and TWC regions, and a heat gain of 15 W m −2 in the YS region. The surface freshwater balance is defined by precipitation minus evaporation. The annual water loss from the surface for the five subareas ranges from 1.8 to 4 cm month −1 . The fresh water loss from the surface should be compensated for from the river run-off. The entire water column of the shelf region (ECS, YS, and CB) undergoes an evident seasonal thermal cycle with maximum values of temperature during summer and maximum mixed layer depths during winter. However, only the surface waters of the TWC and KC regions exhibit a seasonal thermal cycle. We also found two different relations between surface salinity and the Yangtze River run-off, namely, out-of-phase in the East China Sea shelf and in-phase in the Yellow Sea. This may confirm an earlier study that the summer fresh water discharge from the Yangtze River forms a relatively shallow, low salinity plume-like structure extending offshore on average towards the northeast.

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Section: Surface Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variability of the Yellow Sea/East China Sea surface fluxes and thermohaline structure

2005

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“…The restoring timescale used in present OGCMs is typically about 30 days (Semtner and Chervin 1992;Stammer et al 1996;Marotzke and Willebrand 1991). However, analyses of the observed data revealed that sensitivity of the surface heat flux to variations of SST must be much weaker than presumed in the above values, which implies that must be much longer (Seager et al 1995;Barnier 1998;Chu et al 1998). For example, Barnier (1998) and Frankigonoul et al (1998) suggested that the restoring timescale must be at least twice as long.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Simulation of More Realistic Upper-Ocean Processes from an OGCM with a New Ocean Mixed Layer Model

Noh¹,

Jang

Yamagata

et al. 2002

J. Phys. Oceanogr.

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A new ocean mixed layer model (OMLM) was embedded into an ocean general circulation model (OGCM) with the aim of providing an OGCM that is ideal for application to a climate model by predicting the sea surface temperature (SST) more accurately. The results from the new OMLM showed a significant improvement in the prediction of SST compared to the cases of constant vertical mixing and the vertical mixing scheme by Pacanowski and Philander. More accurate prediction of the SST from the new OMLM reduces the magnitude of the restoring term in the surface heat flux and thus provides a simulated ocean that can be coupled to the atmospheric general circulation model more naturally. The new OMLM was also shown to improve various other features of the OGCM such as the mixed layer depth and the equatorial circulation.

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“…Based on observations available at the time, Haney computed an average "coupling coefficient", κ, with a value of 30-45 W m -2 K -1 . Subsequent work by (Chu et al, 1998) suggests a value of 65-70 W m -2 K -1 , whereas (Frankignoul et al, 1998) suggest a value of 20 W m -2 K -1 . (Frankignoul and Kestenare, 2002) further quantified the oceanic feedback to the anomalous surface heat flux by explicitly Earth Syst.…”

Section: Fast Ocean Feedbacks: Ocean Mixed-layer Feedbacks and Ocean mentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate feedbacks in the Earth system and prospects for their evaluation

Heinze

Eyring

Friedlingstein

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. Earth system models (ESMs) are key tools for providing climate projections under different scenarios of human-induced forcing. ESMs include a large number of additional processes and feedbacks such as biogeochemical cycles that traditional physical climate models do not consider. Yet, some processes such as cloud dynamics and ecosystem functional response still have fairly high uncertainties. In this article, we present an overview of climate feedbacks for Earth system components currently included in state-of-the-art ESMs and discuss the challenges to evaluate and quantify them. Uncertainties in feedback quantification arise from the interdependencies of biogeochemical matter fluxes and physical properties, the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of processes, and the lack of long-term continuous observational data to constrain them. We present an outlook for promising approaches that can help quantifying and constraining the large number of feedbacks in ESMs in the future. The target group for this article includes generalists with a background in natural sciences and an interest in climate change as well as experts working in interdisciplinary climate research (researchers, lecturers, and students). This study updates and significantly expands upon the last comprehensive overview of climate feedbacks in ESMs, which was produced 15 years ago (NRC, 2003).

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On Haney-Type Surface Thermal Boundary Conditions for Ocean Circulation Models

Cited by 23 publications

References 19 publications

Seasonal variability of the Yellow Sea/East China Sea surface fluxes and thermohaline structure

Seasonal variability of the Yellow Sea/East China Sea surface fluxes and thermohaline structure

Simulation of More Realistic Upper-Ocean Processes from an OGCM with a New Ocean Mixed Layer Model

Climate feedbacks in the Earth system and prospects for their evaluation

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