On greenhouse gas emissions and thermal efficiency of natural gas/diesel dual-fuel engine at low load conditions: Coupled effect of injector rail pressure and split injection

Yousefi, Amin; Guo, Hongsheng; Birouk, Madjid; Liko, Brian

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.03.093

Cited by 57 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Increasing injection pressure significantly reduces the amount of unburnt methane in dual fuel engines with split injection. However, with methane concentration having reached 65%, the injection pressure has an impact on emissions of unburnt methane [36]. The amount of unburnt methane may form due to the temperature being too low at the cylinder wall, but increasing the injection pressure will increase the speed of methane flame propagation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study on the Energetic and Ecologic Parameters of Dual Fuels (Diesel–NG and HVO–Biogas) and Conventional Diesel Fuel in a CI Engine

2020

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The Article presents the results of the experimental research and numerical analysis of a compression ignition (CI) engine adapted for running on dual fuels of different composition (diesel and natural gas, diesel and biogas, biodiesel and natural gas, and biodiesel and biogas). The main goal was to find out the impact of different dual fuels on energy performance and emissions depending on the start of injection (SOI) of diesel and the crank angle degree (CAD). Pure conventional diesel fuel and second generation hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) (Neste) was used in the research. Natural gas contained 97 vol. % of methane. Biogas (biomethane) was simulated using a methane and carbon dioxide blend consisting of 60 vol. % of methane and 40 vol. % of carbon dioxide. Dual (liquid and gaseous) fuels were used in the tests, with the energy share of liquid fuels accounting for 40% and gas for 60%. The research results have shown that having replaced conventional diesel fuel with dual fuel, engine’s BTE declined by 11.9–16.5%. The use of methane in the dual fuel blend reduced CO2 volumetric fraction in the exhaust gases by 17–20%, while biomethane increased CO2 volumetric fraction by 10–14%. Dual fuel significantly increased CO and HC emissions, but NOx volumetric fraction decreased by 67–82% and smoke by 23–39%. The numerical analysis of the combustion process revealed changes in the ROHR (Rate of Heat Release) that affected engine efficiency and exhaust emissions was done by AVL (Anstalt für Verbrennungskraftmaschinen List) BOOST program.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study on the Energetic and Ecologic Parameters of Dual Fuels (Diesel–NG and HVO–Biogas) and Conventional Diesel Fuel in a CI Engine

2020

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“…The reactive power exchange of ESS with network is shown by (48). The charging or discharging power and reactive power should be smaller than the rated power of ESS as shown by ( 49) to (51).…”

Section: Linearization Of Ess Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid renewable/nonrenewable/storage resources in electrical grid considering active‐reactive losses and depth of discharge

Hemmati

Mahdavi

2021

Int J Energy Res

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This paper presents a linear model for optimal operation of distributed generations (DGs) including renewable and nonrenewable DGs in the electrical grids.The accurate model of active-reactive losses is formed by two quadratic terms that are linearized by piecewise linear approximation of the quadratic curves.The DGs' technical/economic formulations are also presented based on the linear model. The proposed linear models are combined to implement linear optimal power flow (OPF) in the electrical grid integrated with hybrid diesel/wind/ solar/battery. The model is associated with uncertainties and expressed as stochastic mixed integer linear programming. Both the active and reactive powers of the grid and resources are incorporated. The model optimizes the following design variables: sitting and sizing of energy storage systems and DGs, depth of discharge, energy of battery, operation pattern of battery, operation pattern of non-renewables units, and investment/operational costs. The proposed model is tested on 69-bus distribution grid. The simulation results show that the depth of discharge is optimized on 30% to 95%. Active and reactive losses achieved by the proposed model are 72% and 47% more accurate compared to the other existing models. The voltage profile is improved by about 8%. The network losses are reduced by 24%. The peak shaving is performed at hours 18 to 24.

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“…Despite the benefits of the RCCI combustion strategy, there are still some challenging problems related to the use of this type of combustion. RCCI engines have a high ringing intensity under higher loads and high UHCs, and CO emissions under lower loads [18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detailed Analysis of the Effects of Biodiesel Fraction Increase on the Combustion Stability and Characteristics of a Reactivity-Controlled Compression Ignition Diesel-Biodiesel/Natural Gas Engine

Zarrinkolah

Hosseini

2022

Energies

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A single-cylinder marine diesel engine was modified to be operated in reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) combustion mode. The engine fueling system was upgraded to a common rail fuel injection system. Natural gas (NG) was used as port fuel injection, and a diesel/sunflower methyl ester biodiesel mixture was used for direct fuel injection. The fraction of biodiesel in the direct fuel injection was changed from 0% (B0; 0% biodiesel and 100% diesel) to 5% (B5) and 20% (B20) while keeping the total energy input into the engine constant. The objective was to understand the impacts of the increased biodiesel fraction on the combustion characteristics and stability, emissions, and knocking/misfiring behavior, keeping all other influential parameters constant. The results showed that nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions of B5 and B20 without the need for any after-treatment devices were lower than the NOx emission limit of the Euro VI stationary engine regulation. B5 and B20 NOx emissions decreased by more than 70% compared to the baseline. Significantly more unburned hydrocarbons (UHCs) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions were produced when biodiesel was used in the direct fuel injection (DFI). The results also showed that using B5 and B20 instead of B0 led to an increase of 18% and 13.5% in UHCs and an increase of 88.5% and 97% in CO emissions, respectively. Increasing the biodiesel fraction to B5 and B20 reduced the maximum in-cylinder pressure by 3% and 10.2%, respectively, compared to B0. Combustion instability is characterized by the coefficient of variation (COV) of the indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP), which was measured as 4.2% for B5 and 4.8% for B20 compared to 1.8% for B0. Therefore, using B20 and B5 resulted in up to 34.9% combustion instabilities, and 18.5% compared to the baseline case. The tendency for knocking decreased from 13.7% for B0 to 4.3% for B20. The baseline case (B0) had no misfiring cycle. The B5 case had some misfiring cycles, but no knocking cycle was observed. Moreover, the historical cyclic analysis showed more data dispersions when the biodiesel fraction increased in DFI. This study shows the potential of biodiesel replacement in NG/diesel RCCI combustion engines. This study shows that biodiesel can be used to effectively reduce NOx emissions and the knocking intensity of RCCI combustion. However, combustion instability needs to be monitored.

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On greenhouse gas emissions and thermal efficiency of natural gas/diesel dual-fuel engine at low load conditions: Coupled effect of injector rail pressure and split injection

Cited by 57 publications

References 29 publications

Comparative Study on the Energetic and Ecologic Parameters of Dual Fuels (Diesel–NG and HVO–Biogas) and Conventional Diesel Fuel in a CI Engine

Comparative Study on the Energetic and Ecologic Parameters of Dual Fuels (Diesel–NG and HVO–Biogas) and Conventional Diesel Fuel in a CI Engine

Hybrid renewable/nonrenewable/storage resources in electrical grid considering active‐reactive losses and depth of discharge

Detailed Analysis of the Effects of Biodiesel Fraction Increase on the Combustion Stability and Characteristics of a Reactivity-Controlled Compression Ignition Diesel-Biodiesel/Natural Gas Engine

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