On-Farm Evaluation of Homemade Pepper Extract in the Management of Pests of Cabbage,Brassica oleraceaeL., and French Beans,Phaseolus vulgarisL., in Two Agro-Ecological Zones in Ghana

Fening, K. O.; Adama, I.; Tegbe, R.E.

doi:10.4001/003.022.0306

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…A study in Nicaragua found that plots sprayed with synthetic insecticides had low numbers of generalist predators including spiders compared with a no insecticides application treatment 7 . The current study therefore supports the notion that aqueous plant extracts are relatively harmless to natural enemies [49][50][51] and can be integrated with biological pest control unlike synthetic insecticides such as Attack which has deleterious effects on natural enemies. This insecticide (Attack) is a semi-synthetic derivative of the natural product abamectin in the avermectin family 52,53 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Some studies have found Attack ® less harmful to natural enemies than other synthetic insecticides and therefore recommend its inclusion in integrated pest management programmes e.g. 51,54,55 . Other studies have, however, found it to have negative impacts on natural enemies e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…32,33 and in the same locality e.g. 51 indicating that habitat manipulation for conservation biological control alone or in combination with botanical insecticides have the potential to effectively manage brassica crop pests.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scope for non-crop plants to promote conservation biological control of crop pests and serve as sources of botanical insecticides

Amoabeng

Stevenson

Mochiah

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Besides providing food and shelter to natural enemies of crop pests, plants used in conservation biological control interventions potentially provide additional ecosystem services including providing botanical insecticides. Here we concurrently tested the strength of these two services from six non-crop plants in managing cabbage pests in Ghana over three successive field seasons. Crop margin plantings of Ageratum conyzoides, Tridax procumbens, Crotalaria juncea, Cymbopogon citratus, Lantana camara and Talinum triangulare were compared with a bare earth control in a three-way split plot design such that the crop in each plot was sprayed with either a 10% (w/v) aqueous extract from the border plant species, a negative control (water) and a positive control (emamectin benzoate 'Attack' insecticide). Pests were significantly less numerous in all unsprayed treatments with non-crop plant margins and in corresponding sprayed treatments (with botanical or synthetic insecticide positive control) while treatments with bare earth margin or sprayed with water (negative controls) had the highest pest densities. Numbers of predators were significantly depressed by synthetic insecticide but higher in other treatments whether unsprayed or sprayed with botanical insecticide. We conclude that some plant species have utility in both conservation biological control and as source of botanical insecticides that are relatively benign to natural enemies. In this crop system, however, the additional cost associated with using botanical insecticides was not justified by greater levels of pest suppression than achieved from border plants alone. Insect pest attack causes huge crop losses 1 affecting the potential availability of food for over one billion people 2 , and threatening global food security 3. Effective pest management is critical to meeting global food demands 4-6 and synthetic insecticides have been the principal tool in the past six decades 7,8. Even with the introduction of newer and relatively safer insecticides 8 and increased application per unit area and time 9 , crop loss resulting from insect damage has doubled in the past four decades 1,10,11. Indiscriminate and excessive application has led to the elimination of important organisms in the agroecosystem that support crop production 12,13. This is especially prevalent in developing countries including Ghana where farmers and the environment are exposed to high levels of synthetic insecticides, including active ingredients that have been banned in developed nations due to high toxicity and persistence 14. Inadequate provision of important ecosystem services including natural enemy-mediated pest control reinforces reliance on hazardous inputs such as insecticides and threatens agricultural sustainability 15,16. Conservation biological control based on habitat manipulation has been proposed as a sustainable alternative to synthetic insecticides 17. Habitat manipulation involves intentionally establishing plant species at the farm scale or landscape scale to provide conduc...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scope for non-crop plants to promote conservation biological control of crop pests and serve as sources of botanical insecticides

Amoabeng

Stevenson

Mochiah

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Their work has highlighted the fungicidal and antibacterial potency of pepper against pests. These results are also similar to those obtained by Fening et al (2014) who evaluated the effectiveness of pepper in controlling diseases of Brassica oleraceae L., and Phaseolus vulgaris L. in two agro-ecological zones in Ghana. Their work has shown that the aqueous pepper extract used under in vitro culture significantly reduces the action of pests attacking natural enemies on the seedlings used.…”

Section: Test Of the Antifungal Activity Of C Annuum Extractssupporting

confidence: 89%

Inhibitory effects of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of pepper (Capsicum annuum) on the development of necrosis caused by Phytophthora megakarya in Theobroma cacao

Claude¹,

Ifoue²,

Tayoukam³

et al. 2019

Int. J. Bio. Chem. Sci

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The cocoa tree (Theobroma cacao L.), also called "food of the gods", is a plant mainly cultivated for its beans. However, the cultivation of this plant is confronted with many parasitic attacks among which, attack due to Phytophthora megakarya which causes the most yield loss. The Control of this pathogen consisted in involving the use of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of pepper and two strains of Phytophthora megakarya in order to improve cocoa tolerance against the attack of this pathogen. These aqueous and ethanolic extracts were prepared in the laboratory and incorporated into Potato Dextrose Agar and Small Pea Agar culture media at concentrations (g / ml) of 10-1 , 10-2 , 10-3 and 10-4 , each containing a strain of Phytophthora megakarya. The results obtained revealed that all pepper treatments significantly inhibited the growth of Phytophthora megakarya with a 100% inhibition rate in the aqueous extract regardless of the strain used and inhibition rates of 89.33%. ; 63.35%; 54.39%; 42.86%; 100%; 70.22% and 57.54% for the ethanolic extract depending on the concentrations applied. In vivo treatment of leaf discs and pods detached prior to infection with Phytophthora megakarya resulted in significant inhibition, thereby reducing the incidence rate of disease severity. The values of this incidence vary from 0.1 to 1.2 for a percentage ranging from 0.5% to 20% of the severity of the disease depending on the nature of the extract of applied pepper. At concentrations (g / ml) 10-1 , 10-2 , 10-3 and 10-4 , the aqueous extract completely inhibited the growth of mycelium and the development of Phytophthora megakarya spores while the ethanolic extract of pepper showed its inhibitory power at the concentration 10-1 g/ml. The use of crude aqueous extracts or even diluted of pepper can therefore be considered in the fight against black pod desease in Cameroon.

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“…These economically important pathogens of snap beans lead to low yields and further damage market preferred pod quality characteristics (Mohammed, 2013;Mulanya, 2014;Nyasetia, 2011). Frequent use of synthetic pesticides in managing diseases in snap beans is unsustainable as they are hazardous to non-target organisms, pollutes the environment, lead to resistance by pathogens against fungicides and lead to chemical residues above recommended levels on pods which lead to interception and rejection of produce at export markets (Fening et al, 2014;Nyasetia, 2011;Ouma et al, 2014). The strict maximum residue level (MRLs) requirements have resulted into low volumes of snap beans designated for export market because smallholder farmers need to invest heavily and still fear being non-compliant (Ouma et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifungal Activity of Local Microbial Isolates against Snap Bean Pathogens

Muthomi¹,

Wagacha²,

Fulano³

et al. 2016

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci.

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On-Farm Evaluation of Homemade Pepper Extract in the Management of Pests of Cabbage,Brassica oleraceaeL., and French Beans,Phaseolus vulgarisL., in Two Agro-Ecological Zones in Ghana

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

Scope for non-crop plants to promote conservation biological control of crop pests and serve as sources of botanical insecticides

Scope for non-crop plants to promote conservation biological control of crop pests and serve as sources of botanical insecticides

Inhibitory effects of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i>) on the development of necrosis caused by <i>Phytophthora megakarya</i> in <i>Theobroma cacao</i>

Antifungal Activity of Local Microbial Isolates against Snap Bean Pathogens

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