On-farm evaluation of dietary animal and plant proteins to replace fishmeal in sub-adult olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Abstract

Background: High demand and low supply of fishmeal due to overexploitation of fisheries resources have resulted in a dramatic increase in the price of this ingredient. Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) commercial feed contains approximately 60% fishmeal and limited success has been achieved in identifying sustainable alternative protein sources for this species. Methods: An on-farm feeding trial was conducted to compare a basal diet containing 65% as the control (CONT) with two experimental diets replacing 10% of fishmeal by animal protein (AP 10) or 20% of fishmeal by animal and plant protein (APP 20). Sub-adult olive flounder averaging 327 ± 9.3 g (mean±SD) were fed one of the three diets in triplicate groups for 16 weeks. Results: Weight gain, specific growth rate, feed efficiency, protein efficiency ratio, and survival were not significantly different among fish fed all the experimental diets (P > 0.05). Also, non-specific immune responses (superoxide dismutase and lysozyme activity), serum biochemical parameters, and intestinal villi length were not significantly different among fish fed all the experimental diets (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Therefore, based on growth performance, non-specific immune responses, serum biochemical parameters, and intestinal histology, dietary animal and plant protein mixtures could replace up to 20% of fishmeal in the diet of sub-adult olive flounder.

Animal and plant proteins as alternative ingredients in diets for sub‐adult olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus at farm conditions

“…However, values of whole-body moisture, crude protein and crude lipid contents showed a tendency to continue to decrease when the fishmeal replacement was increased, taking into consideration that the diets were isonitrogenous and isocaloric. A similar trend in whole-body proximate composition was shown by Choi et al (2020). This could be related to the poor utilization of plant and animal ingredients in this study.…”

“…The nutrient absorption and fish metabolism are directly influenced by intestinal villi length (Choi et al, 2020;Shi et al, 2017).…”

“…However, there were very few studies evaluating the combination of these ingredients in olive flounder diet. Choi et al (2020) partially replaced 10–20% of FM by the combination of plant and animal protein sources (SPC, TM and PBM) in 300 g olive flounder diets without negative effects on fish growth performance, whole‐body composition and gut histology. The variable results in FM replacement studies could be due to several factors such as the type and level of replacement, the combination of animal and plant protein ingredients, as well as the duration of the trial, fish size and water quality parameters (Torrecillas et al, 2017; Ye et al, 2011).…”

Enzymological, Histological and Serum Biomarkers Responses of Snubnose Pompano on Complete Replacement of Fishmeal Using Cottonseed Meal Supplemented With Lysine and Methionine in the Diet

“…The EAA pro le of whole body samples of experimental shes showing that lysine, methionine and arginine contents were comparatively lower in CSM incorporated diets than the than 0CSM groups. This result is comparable with Choi et al (2020) in sub-adult olive ounder, Paralichthys olivaceus fed the diet containing FM replaced with either animal proteins or animal and plant proteins revealed that most of the amino acids were not signi cantly changed among the treatments.…”

“…Liu et al (2016) reported similarly lower level of cholesterol and LDL content in the pre-adults of grass carp fed with varying levels of CSM. Correspondingly,Choi et al (2020) reported that FM replaced with either animal proteins or animal and plant proteins in sub-adult olive ounder effectively reduced the levels of cholesterol when compared with FM based diet.Serum protein pro le in terms of higher albumin and globulin is a valuable indicator of better health status of sh through enhanced innate immune system function(Liang et al 2018). In the present study, the serum protein pro le did not show signi cant changes among the treatments which indicate that CSM content of experimental diets did not in uenced the health status of snubnose pompano.…”