On Disability and Cybernetics: Helen Keller, Norbert Wiener, and the Hearing Glove

Mills, Mara

doi:10.1215/10407391-1428852

Cited by 71 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…There are, of course, also histories of engagement between disability studies (particularly scholarship on embodiment and culture) and critical approaches to science, technology, and medicine. SeeCasper and Koenig (1996);Mills (2011); Ott, Serlin, & Mihm (2002);Sobchack (2006); andSterne (2001). However, we concur with Stuart Blume, Vasilis Galis, and Andrés Valderrama Pineda, who write, "The challenging questions that disability raises for STS go beyond those relating to the politics of technological change to include questions relating to knowing, to knowledge production, and in particular to embodiment" (2013, p. 102).…”

mentioning

confidence: 72%

Crip Technoscience Manifesto

2019

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As disabled people engaged in disability community, activism, and scholarship, our collective experiences and histories have taught us that we are effective agents of world-building and -dismantling toward more socially just relations. The grounds for social justice and world-remaking, however, are frictioned; technologies, architectures, and infrastructures are often designed and implemented without committing to disability as a difference that matters. This manifesto calls attention to the powerful, messy, non-innocent, contradictory, and nevertheless crucial work of what we name as "crip technoscience," practices of critique, alteration, and reinvention of our material-discursive world. Disabled people are experts and designers of everyday life. But we also harness technoscience for political action, refusing to comply with demands to cure, fix, or eliminate disability. Attentive to the intersectional workings of power and privilege, we agitate against independence and productivity as requirements for existence. Instead, we center technoscientific activism and critical design practices that foster disability justice. Hamraie and Fritsch Catalyst: Feminism, Theory, Technoscience 5(1)

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confidence: 72%

Crip Technoscience Manifesto

2019

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“…Recent publications have focused on the history of Soviet cybernetics (Gerovitch, 2004;Peters, 2016), German cybernetics (Bissell, 2011;Dittmann, 1999), Chilean cybernetics (Medina, 2011;Saraiva, 2012), or diverse African influences in cybernetics (Bangura, 2012;Eglash, 1995;Eglash & Bleecker, 2010). Other work in cybernetics and disability studies, postcolonial cybernetics, cybernetics studies in the Global South, and critical gender studies all testify to how stimulating cybernetics can be from a wide variety of perspectives (Dyer-Witheford, 2015;Haraway, 1987;Hayles, 1999;Mills, 2011;Paasonen, 2002;Plant, 1995;Schaffer, 1996).…”

Section: Cybernetics and Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guest Editorial: At the Margins of Cybernetics

Théophanidis¹,

Thibault

Trudel³

2017

CJC

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“…Research on translating sound to vibration goes back to the earliest days of electronic devices: indeed Norbert Weiner invented a hearing glove as a sound-to-tactile prosthesis for deaf people [17]. The frequency limitations were not well understood, and there were many failed inventions from the 1920s to the 1960s that tried to translate speech to vibrations for deaf consumers, including Weiner's hearing glove.…”

Section: Tactile Feedbackmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing caption accessibility through simultaneous multimodal information

Kushalnagar

Behm

Stanislow

et al. 2014

Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers &Amp; Accessibility - ASSETS '14

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Captions (subtitles) for television and movies have greatly enhanced accessibility for Deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) consumers who do not understand the audio, but can otherwise follow by reading the captions. However, these captions fail to fully convey auditory information, due to simultaneous delivery of aural and visual content, and lack of standardization in representing non-speech information.Viewers cannot simultaneously watch the movie scenes and read the visual captions; instead they have to switch between the two and inevitably lose information and context in watching the movies. In contrast, hearing viewers can simultaneously listen to the audio and watch the scenes.Most auditory non-speech information (NSI) is not easily represented by words, e.g., the description of a ring tone, or the sound of something falling.We enhance captions with tactile and visual-tactile feedback. For the former, we transform auditory NSI into its equivalent tactile representation and convey it simultaneously with the captions. For the latter, we visually identify the location of the NSI. This approach can benefit DHH viewers by conveying more aural content to the viewer's visual and tactile senses simultaneously than visual-only captions alone. We conducted a study, which compared DHH viewer responses between video with captions, tactile captions, and visual-tactile captions. The viewers significantly benefited from visual-tactile and tactile captions. Figure 1: Intertitle-Scene temporal and spatial separation: The movie briefly narrates what will happen in the scene, and then displays the scene.

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On Disability and Cybernetics: Helen Keller, Norbert Wiener, and the Hearing Glove

Cited by 71 publications

References 30 publications

Crip Technoscience Manifesto

Crip Technoscience Manifesto

Guest Editorial: At the Margins of Cybernetics

Enhancing caption accessibility through simultaneous multimodal information

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