On Determining the Reliability of Protective Relay Systems

Grimes, Jack D.

doi:10.1109/tr.1970.5216410

Cited by 21 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…A Markov chain is a widely-used stochastic model for reliability analysis (Gagniuc, 2017). A detailed description and application of the Markov chain model have been well presented in previous research (Grimes, 1970;Alam, 1986). Here, a significant property should be emphasized: finite discrete states of a system are included in the Markov chain, and the state transition probability (STP) to the next state is only determined by the current state, rather than historical states' information.…”

Section: Markov Chainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Risk Analysis Research for the Operations of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles

Chen

Bose

Brito

et al. 2021

Reliability Engineering & System Safety

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Section: Markov Chainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Risk Analysis Research for the Operations of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles

Chen

Bose

Brito

et al. 2021

Reliability Engineering & System Safety

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“…The protective relay system is the frontline of power systems in terms of safe operation. Since the 1970s, experts have begun to study the reliability of protective relays; they employ the probability of protective relays' misoperation as metrics of reliability and the losses caused by it as system cost to evaluate the quality of the protective relay system [1]. A method of evaluating reliability by economic benefits can also be proposed [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Reliability of PACSs with Integrated Consideration of Both Basic and Mission Reliability

Chen,

Jin

2024

Energies

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Protective relays play a fundamental role in power systems, whose functions consist of three parts, namely protection, automation, and control, thus called the PAC altogether. It turns out that the architecture of a PACS (protection, automation, and control system) may exert a direct impact on the reliability of protective relay systems, previous studies of which are often conducted on the assumption that intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) have a constant fault rate with only mission reliability of the systems considered. To obtain a more accurate evaluation of system reliability bearing system maintenance in mind, this article proposes a novel method to appraise the reliability of PACSs with integrated consideration of basic and mission reliability. Firstly, the basic reliability of IEDs is calculated by parts count prediction, which will provide a more precise fault rate of IEDs. Secondly, the reliability of PACSs is analyzed by the reliability diagram and Markov model. By using the parts count prediction method to calculate the failure rate of the device, the steady-state probability rate will be accurate more than 0.0107%. At last, a quantitative criterion is finalized for selecting a suitable architecture easily.

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“…Reference [2] proposed the first method quantitatively to calculate reliability of protection system. This model was improved by considering back-up protection, the removal of protection for inspection, the occurrence of common cause failure, and the fault clearing phenomena in references [3] and [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative assessment of protection system reliability incorporating human errors

Etemadi

Fotuhi‐Firuzabad

2008

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part O:

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The protection system plays a vital role in maintaining a high degree of service reliability in present-day power systems. Considerable work has been done to examine different aspects of protection systems and their associated reliability. All of the reliability predictive methods are based solely on equipment failures, neglecting the human component of the protection system. In this paper, a modified Markov model is presented that incorporates human errors in reliability evaluation of protective devices. Two main types of relay failure (failure to operate and inadvertent operation) are taken into account in the proposed model. The model also considers routine test inspections, the self-checking facility of digital relays, and also common cause failures of protective devices and protected components. Numerical studies show the influence of human errors on protection system reliability.

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On Determining the Reliability of Protective Relay Systems

Cited by 21 publications

References 2 publications

A Review of Risk Analysis Research for the Operations of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles

A Review of Risk Analysis Research for the Operations of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles

Study on Reliability of PACSs with Integrated Consideration of Both Basic and Mission Reliability

Quantitative assessment of protection system reliability incorporating human errors

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