On Data Scatter in Measured Linking Times for Lift-Generated Vortex Pairs

Rossow, Vernon J.; Meyn, Larry A.

doi:10.2514/6.2008-338

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Previous studies have examined the details of various aerodynamic mechanisms that cause the vortex wakes of subsonic aircraft to spread and to move. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] This paper first presents an overview of the results of the research conducted on the wake-spreading and movement mechanisms that influence the time at which intrusion of wake components into the airspace of following aircraft will occur. Estimates carried out by use of a computer program based on previous studies (see Appendix) indicate guidelines that may be used to expedite the volume of aircraft operations safely and efficiently onto closely-spaced parallel runways.…”

Section: Nomenclature Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If this is to be done safely, the theoretical estimates of wake movement and spreading must be reliable, with few if any uncertainties. The prediction of wake-spreading as a function of time, and the way that atmospheric conditions affect this aerodynamic problem [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] are first summarized in order to develop a reliable computational method for prediction of the duration of the safe zone illustrated in Fig. 1.…”

Section: Nomenclature Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only an overview of previous results is presented here because considerable attention has already been given to the details of the aerodynamics of how vortices move and spread. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] In this work, the movement and spread of lift-generated vortex wakes by aerodynamic means has been divided into the following mechanisms:…”

Section: Movement and Spread Of Wake-hazardous Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The instability has been studied extensively because it decomposes and spreads liftgenerated vortex wakes more rapidly than any other known mechanism. 16,20,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49] If the vortex filaments are not disturbed from a straight-line configuration, the instability does not occur and the vortices trail from the wing as nearly straight lines (Fig. 3).…”

Section: Wake Spreading By Long-wave Instabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The method used to compute the wake spreading caused by the long-wave instability has been studied in a previous paper, 20 and will therefore only be mentioned here. It is pointed out that wake spreading is a combination of the self-induced and turbulence-induced velocity contributions to the lateral spreading of the wake due to the long-wave instability.…”

Section: 20mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Guidelines for Avoiding Vortex Wakes During Use of Closely-Spaced Parallel Runways

Rossow

Meyn

2008

26th AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference

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This paper proposes a reliable method for estimation of the movement and spread of lift-generated vortex wakes as a function of time to better enable aircraft arriving at airports to avoid the hazards associated with the wakes of preceding aircraft. Operations on closely-spaced parallel runways illustrate how the method may be applied. An overview presents the aerodynamic mechanisms that cause the hazardous parts of lift-generated wakes to spread as a function of time. A computational method developed for determination of the spread of vortex wakes as a function of time is then applied to operations of aircraft as they approach closely-spaced parallel runways. The results suggest guidelines for efficiently and effectively avoiding the vortex wakes of preceding aircraft. Because the theoretical tools developed and the measurements of the components of the time-averaged wind and its gust magnitudes contain uncertainties, flight tests are recommended to confirm and to refine the guidelines presented, and to verify the techniques used to measure the atmospheric parameters that control wake intrusion.

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Section: Nomenclature Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nomenclature Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Movement and Spread Of Wake-hazardous Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Wake Spreading By Long-wave Instabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 20mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Guidelines for Avoiding Vortex Wakes During Use of Closely-Spaced Parallel Runways

Rossow

Meyn

2008

26th AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference

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Research on Vertical Overlap of the Paired Approach Based on QAR

Sun

Chen

et al. 2022

IEEE Access

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The paired approach can effectively improve the efficiency of closely spaced parallel runways. The calculation of vertical overlap probability and frequency is an indispensable step in evaluating the vertical collision risk of the paired approach. As the existence of vertical overlap is closely related to the vertical position error, this paper presents a method to calculate vertical overlap probability based on the position error caused by pilot control. Firstly, a fuzzy correlation model is established and combined with Quick Access Recorder (QAR) data. The correlation rules between QAR parameters and vertical position error are mined, and the relevance is calculated according to the rules. The results show that the correlation between the control column position and the vertical position error is the strongest. According to the flight dynamics principle, the Vertical Attitude Adjustment Model (VAAM) of an aircraft during the approach process is then established. The Pilot Operating Model (POM), which describes different actions taken by pilots when they encounter different position errors, is also created by employing the concepts of the Markov decision process. The VAAM can restore the process of changing the attitude of the aircraft by the pilot operating column and can simulate the position error of the aircraft in the approach process when combined with the POM. Based on the previous simulated result and considering the overlap condition of the Interval Management (IM) aircraft overlap, the vertical overlap process in the paired approach can then be simulated. We employ MATLAB to carry out numerous simulations. Changing the accuracy of pilot operation in the simulations show that the lower the accuracy, the greater the overlap probability and frequency. However, when the accuracy is between 61% and 73% (61%-73% is the range of operational accuracy based on QAR data analysis), the vertical overlap probability and frequency are maintained at about 5% and 20 flights per hour, respectively.

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Wake Vortex Flight Measurements and Tactical Aircraft WVE Design and Flight Testing Requirements

Brown¹,

Bastian²

2008

2008 U.S. Air Force T&E Days

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On Data Scatter in Measured Linking Times for Lift-Generated Vortex Pairs

Cited by 3 publications

References 31 publications

Guidelines for Avoiding Vortex Wakes During Use of Closely-Spaced Parallel Runways

Guidelines for Avoiding Vortex Wakes During Use of Closely-Spaced Parallel Runways

Research on Vertical Overlap of the Paired Approach Based on QAR

Wake Vortex Flight Measurements and Tactical Aircraft WVE Design and Flight Testing Requirements

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