On-Chip Meticulous Grayscale High-Resolution Meta-Display

Abstract

On-chip integrated meta-optics hold great promise in creating highperformance and ultracompact optical display devices. Although previous on-chip metasurfaces for meta-display have predominantly enabled binary-image near-/farfield exhibition functionalities, this remains a challenge and has not been fully explored to induce multiple intensity levels for meticulous grayscale images in an on-chip integrated scheme. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a practical approach to embed a high-resolution grayscale image display into an onchip metasurface integrated on a waveguide in the visible regime. By employing the on-chip meta-diatom interference at the nanoscale, continuous intensity levels of the local optical scattering can be modulated for the out-coupling lightwave to create a high-resolution (pixel size of 440 × 440 nm 2 ) and broadband meticulous grayscale image display. Moreover, directionalselective dual-channel grayscale displays are further expanded by spatially hybridizing the meta-diatom interferences along both x-/ydirections and jointly storing two grayscale images into a single on-chip metasurface pattern. Owing to the on-chip optical propagation scheme, the captured meticulous grayscale display with high fidelity enjoys a high signal-to-noise ratio and large dynamic range uniquely due to zeroth-order diffraction being interference-free. We envision that the proposed meticulous grayscale meta-display driven by an on-chip guided wave allows for their miniaturized integration and promises high-density information storage/encryption, next-generation high-quality miniature displays, and future virtual/augmented reality functionalities.

Electrical-Driven Dynamic Augmented Reality by On-Chip Vectorial Meta-Display

“…By varying the meta-diatomic geometric parameters, we can arbitrarily tailor the phase (Φ) and polarization states (Ψ, χ) of the out-coupling light waves at the nanoscale (Figure d). In contrast to previous on-chip meta-holograms with uniform or only orthogonal polarization states, − , the vectorial holograms we demonstrate extend the degree of freedom to arbitrary full polarizations. Here, the polarization state of the extracted guided waves can be represented by a point on the surface of the Poincaré sphere (Figure c), and parameters 2Ψ and 2χ refer to the longitude and latitude of the point on the sphere.…”

“…It also presents a new avenue toward developing chip-integrated and miniaturized advanced optical meta-display devices for augmented reality (AR). In particular, beyond typical free-space metasurfaces, the display functionality based on on-chip metasurfaces enjoys the unique advantage of being free from zero-order background interference to the observer attribute to the on-chip propagation scheme. ,,− …”