On-chip holographic tomography for quantifying refractive index changes of cells’ dynamics

Raman Spectroscopy as a Research and Diagnostic Tool in Clinical Hematology and Hematooncology

“…Some other variations in Raman technique allow for quantitative measurements (stimulated Raman spectroscopy-SRS) or obtaining high-resolution maps with spatial distribution (Raman hyperspectral imaging). Also, some other optical methods are often combined with Raman to obtain new type of data that in correlation with Raman spectra would enrich the analysis [19,20]. T lymphocytes [31] Abbreviations: GBM glioblastoma, CML chronic myeloid leukemia, MM multiple myeloma, and NK natural killer.…”

“…Different approaches to RS application in hematooncology diagnostics are summarized in Table 3. Treatment monitoring RS, NIRS [20,83] Diagnosis and MRD detection RS, SERS [76,81] CML Treatment monitoring SRS [28] Abbreviations: RS spontaneous Raman spectroscopy, SRS stimulated Raman spectroscopy, NK natural killer, SERS surfaced-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, ALL acute lymphoid leukemia, NHL non-Hodgkin, FTIR Fouriertransformation infrared, AML acute myeloid leukemia, FAB French-American-British, MDS myelodysplastic syndrome, HcA-RS High-content analysis Raman spectroscopy, CLL chronic lymphocytic leukemia, DLBCL diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, MM multiple myeloma, NIRS near-infrared Raman spectroscopy, MRD minimal residue disease, and CML chronic myeloid leukemia.…”

“…Cells exposed to bortezomib showed weaker bands of nucleic acids, which can be associated with DNA damage, and elevated peaks of several amino acids corresponding to the accumulation of proteins due to the proteasome inhibition [83]. For this kind of analysis RS was also paired with another optical method-digital holographic microcopy that provides more physical information about the cells [20]. The higher density in the nuclear region after bortezomib treatment matching the elevated protein Raman bands, further confirmed the utility of optical methods in monitoring proteasome inhibition.…”