On-Chip-Antennas: Next Milestone in the Big World of Small Satellites—A Survey of Potentials, Challenges, and Future Directions

Karim, Rashid; Malcovati, P.

doi:10.1109/maes.2020.3016751

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…With the improvement of process level, the shape of millimeter-wave phased array antenna over 30 GHz will change a lot. Tat is, by using advanced heterogeneous packaging technology and microsystem integration technology, phased array antenna and even rearend radio frequency and digital processing will appear as a complete SiP and SoC and may be reintegrated with other types of sensors such as sound, light, and magnetism sensors [196][197][198]. To meet the requirements of high frequency band, high integration, and high conformal load bearing of APAA in the future, the SET coupling technology will develop in the following aspects:…”

Section: Software Tool For Performance Compensation Of Apaamentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural-Electromagnetic-Thermal Coupling Technology for Active Phased Array Antenna

Wang

et al. 2023

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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Active phased array antenna (APAA) is a representative of complex electronic equipment, and it plays significant roles in scenarios such as battlefield situation perception, aviation guidance, and communication. It has become the core equipment in land, navigation, and aeronautical applications. With the continuous improvement of technical changes and military requirements, the working frequency band, pointing accuracy, gain, and low sidelobe level of APAA increase, and the multi-disciplinary design contradiction between antenna electrical performance and structure and temperature becomes increasingly prominent. As a result, the electrical performance of APAA in service is prone to be affected by the external complex environments. The structural-electromagnetic-thermal (SET) coupling problem has become a key problem restricting the development of APAA. This paper has summarized the structural features and environmental loads of advanced APAA on different platforms and provided design basis and principle for antenna designer. And then the SET coupling theory of APAA has been introduced, which can be applied in both the design and manufacturing stage, as well as the performance control technology in service environment of APAA. This theory helps to analyze the impact of environmental factors, such as antenna structure deformation, radome high-temperature ablation, and feed errors, on the antenna's performance. For 128 × 768 spaceborne array antenna, in the range of 25∼85°C, the gain of antenna decreases with the increase of operating temperature and decreases by 0.015 dB with each increase of 1°C. The key design parameters in the fields of antenna manufacturing accuracy, efficient heat dissipation, and lightweight design are also analysed; for 32 × 32 rectangular planar phased array antenna, the gain of antenna decreases by 2.715 dB when the random error of installation position in x, y, and z direction reaches 1/10 of the wavelength. In addition, condition monitoring, displacement field reconstruction, and electrical performance compensation of APAA have also been touched to help engineers maintain and guarantee the antenna performance throughout its life cycle. Finally, the future research direction of SET technology of APAA has been discussed, and SET technology is extended to more fields such as antenna parameter uncertainty, high-frequency circuit electronics manufacturing, and electronic equipment performance guarantee.

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Section: Software Tool For Performance Compensation Of Apaamentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural-Electromagnetic-Thermal Coupling Technology for Active Phased Array Antenna

Wang

et al. 2023

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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“…Thus, in order to avoid some damages caused by unwanted electromagnetic waves, it is fundamental to focus on (EMC) challenges. To tackle these (EMC) challenges [4] effectively, a holistic approach is needed. This involves implementing various design strategies, including robust shielding, meticulous frequency planning, and advanced interference mitigation techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient response of parabolic antenna system: Electromagnetic coupling modelization in time and space domains based on TD-EFIE equations

Khaled,

Omri,

Aguili

2024

Preprint

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This paper introduces efficient Time-Domain techniques utilizing the Method of Moments to predict the electromagnetic behaviors of a communication system , invoking the coupling between these components. The system is composed of a parabolic antenna and a wire antenna. To render the problem manageable mathematically, an accurate Time-Domain Electric Field Integral Equations are formulated based on the boundary conditions for modeling the electromagnetic coupling between two antennas. Then, the Method of Moments is employed in both spatial and temporal domains to solve the TD-EFIE developed system. In the temporal domain, the unknown coefficients temporal component is represented as a linear combination of Laguerre functions. In space domain, we use an adequate hybrid mesh technique giving a stable result. The antennas are placed at various distances to observe the coupling impact. Transient responses of our system depending on the separation distance are evaluated and the transient current densities on each antenna are presented.

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“…IRELESS System-on-Chip (SoC), where all functional modules are integrated on a single chip, has attracted considerable research interest with the advantages of high-level integration, low power consumption, and low cost [1][2][3][4]. Typically, antenna is the largest part of a wireless system, and previously it was not feasible to integrate it on a chip.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-Thin Artificial Magnetic Conductor for Gain Enhancement of Antenna-on-Chip

Akhter

Shamim

2022

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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System-on-Chip (SoC) has become an attractive solution to achieve highly integrated wireless systems. However, the Antenna-on-Chip (AoC) suffers from poor radiation due to the lossy silicon substrate in standard CMOS processes. Artificial Magnetic Conductors (AMC) with the ground plane above the silicon can enhance the radiation, however, fitting the AMC completely in the thin stack-up (~10-15 μm) is extremely challenging, particularly for frequencies below 100 GHz. In this paper, Metallic Posts (MP) and Embedded Guiding Structures (EGS) have been investigated to reduce the AMC thickness by employing the available vias and metal layers in the stack-up. An in-house CMOS-compatible process has been used to realize the AoC, where typical low-conductivity adhesion layers have been avoided to reduce the undesired losses by using the surface roughness in a unique fashion. With MP and EGS approaches, AMC thickness can be reduced by 33% and 41% respectively. The AMC with EGS fits within an oxide of a thickness of 16 μm. A monopole antenna, backed by this AMC, demonstrates a gain of 5.85 dBi and radiation efficiency of 57% at 94 GHz, bettering the gain and radiation efficiency by 9.15 dB and 42% respectively as compared to the case without AMC.

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On-Chip-Antennas: Next Milestone in the Big World of Small Satellites—A Survey of Potentials, Challenges, and Future Directions

Cited by 10 publications

References 93 publications

Structural-Electromagnetic-Thermal Coupling Technology for Active Phased Array Antenna

Structural-Electromagnetic-Thermal Coupling Technology for Active Phased Array Antenna

Transient response of parabolic antenna system: Electromagnetic coupling modelization in time and space domains based on TD-EFIE equations

Ultra-Thin Artificial Magnetic Conductor for Gain Enhancement of Antenna-on-Chip

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