On-body measurements of embroidered spiral antenna

Zhang, Shiyu; Speight, David; Paraskevopoulos, Anastasios; Fonseca, Duarte de Sousa; Luxey, Cyril; Whittow, William G.; Pinto, J.

doi:10.1109/lapc.2015.7366131

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The measured |S 11 | of the spiral antenna on the SAM phantom indicates that the SAM phantom is a very good approximation to the real human body over the frequency range considered [16].…”

Section: Antenna Measurements On Sam Phantommentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Section 2 presents the simulation of the spiral antenna on the SAM torso phantom using computer simulation technology (CST) Microwave Studio (CST). The authors have previously simulated a planar spiral design simulated on a cuboid phantom [16]. However, since the embroidered antenna is flexible which can be tightly fitted on the body to adjust the body shape, more complex simulations were carried out on the effects of bending the spiral antenna and the effects of the distance between the antenna and body.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Broad‐band embroidered spiral antenna for off‐body communications

Zhang

Paraskevopoulos

Luxey

et al. 2016

IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation

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An embroidered wearable spiral antenna is presented in this study. The spiral antenna is compact and flexible, yet has broad-band performance. The novelty of this study includes considering the antenna-body interaction rather than just considering the antenna alone. The antenna has been simulated and measured on a specific anthropomorphic mannequin torso phantom and a real person. The far-field on-body performance of the embroidered antenna on the phantom has been measured using a novel cylindrical near-field to far-field transformation technique. This technique allows the fast extraction of the full spherical radiation pattern and the corresponding far-field antenna characteristics on the human body without the need of rotating the phantom with expensive positioning systems. The on-body antenna performance including realised gain, directivity, radiation efficiency, radiation pattern and axial ratio have been presented.

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“…The measured |S 11 | of the spiral antenna on the SAM phantom indicates that the SAM phantom is a very good approximation to the real human body over the frequency range considered [16].…”

Section: Antenna Measurements On Sam Phantommentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broad‐band embroidered spiral antenna for off‐body communications

Zhang

Paraskevopoulos

Luxey

et al. 2016

IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation

Self Cite

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“…Embroidering is a promising method in terms of repeatability and mass-manufacturing [ 24 ], as the embroidered antennas do not need a cutting or lamination process, thus reducing the production costs. For this reason, several embroidered antennas have been proposed; for instance, spiral antennas [ 25 , 26 ], RFID tags [ 27 , 28 ], and antennas without a ground plane [ 29 , 30 , 31 ]. This paper explores the embroidering technique to produce antennas that can be easily applied in clothing as an emblem.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart Coat with a Fully-Embedded Textile Antenna for IoT Applications

Loss

Gonçalves

Lopes

et al. 2016

Sensors

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The Internet of Things (IoT) scenario is strongly related with the advance of the development of wireless sensor networks (WSN) and radio frequency identification (RFID) systems. Additionally, in the WSN context, for a continuous feed, the integration of textile antennas for energy harvesting into smart clothing is a particularly interesting solution when the replacement of batteries is not easy to practice, such as in wearable devices. This paper presents the E-Caption: Smart and Sustainable Coat. It has an embedded dual-band textile antenna for electromagnetic energy harvesting, operating at global system for mobile communication (GSM) 900 and digital cellular system (DCS) 1800 bands. This printed antenna is fully integrated, as its dielectric is the textile material composing the coat itself. The E-Caption illustrates the innovative concept of textile antennas that can be manipulated as simple emblems. Seven prototypes of these “emblem” antennas, manufactured by lamination and embroidering techniques are also presented. It is shown that the orientation of the conductive fabric does not influence the performance of the antenna. It is also shown that the direction and number of the stitches in the embroidery may influence the performance of the antenna. Moreover, the comparison of results obtained before and after the integration of the antenna into cloth shows the integration does not affect the behavior of the antenna.

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“…In Refs. [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37], we can find several useful antennas having the same behaviour when they are deposited directly on the skin. For example, Ref.…”

Section: F I G U R E 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Ref. [32] reports an efficiency varying between 12% and 24%, which corresponds to a difference of 6–9 dB between directivity and gain. As there are no standards that set the minimum allowable antenna gain for off‐body communications, the useful antenna bandwidth will be rather determined by the sensitivity of the receiver located outside the human body and by the desired communication range.…”

Section: Low‐profile On‐body Cwa Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Low‐profile ultrawideband Antennas for Body‐Centric Communications using the FDTD method

Mokraoui

Khodja

2023

IET Microwaves Antenna & Prop

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Low‐profile coplanar waveguide antennas are successfully designed considering body‐centric communications requirements. A finite difference in time‐domain‐based programme, which considers dispersion in human tissues and antenna dielectric substrates, is developed for this purpose. Parametric simulations and visualisation helped to acquire a greater understanding of radiation mechanisms. Consequently, two approaches are investigated. In the first approach, the antenna bandwidth is optimised regardless of its size and travelling wave antennas with characteristics suitable for on‐body communications are obtained. In the second approach, restricting the bandwidth to ultrawideband (UWB) frequencies, while minimising the antenna size, leads to low‐profile antennas useful for on‐body as well as for off‐body applications. For each approach, several prototypes are built to validate the proposed designs and check the repeatability of the results. Measured and simulated return loss and radiation patterns are coherent. Based on the consulted bibliography, the smallest low‐cost and low‐profile omnidirectional wearable antenna is made, which covers the entire UWB frequencies with no special coaxial connectors or expensive dielectric substrates.

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On-body measurements of embroidered spiral antenna

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Broad‐band embroidered spiral antenna for off‐body communications

Broad‐band embroidered spiral antenna for off‐body communications

Smart Coat with a Fully-Embedded Textile Antenna for IoT Applications

Design of Low‐profile ultrawideband Antennas for Body‐Centric Communications using the FDTD method

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