On-Board Hydrogen Production Through Catalytic Exhaust-Gas Reforming of Isooctane: Efficiency of Mixed Oxide Catalysts Ce2Zr1.5Me0.5O8 (Me = Co, Rh, or Co–Noble Metal)

Ambroise, Emmanuelle; Courson, Claire; Kiennemann, A.; Roger, Anne‐Cécile; Pajot, Olivier; Samson, Erwann; Blanchard, G.

doi:10.1007/s11244-009-9386-y

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…Heat consumed in the reaction increases the enthalpy of the products relative to the reactants and can therefore be used as a form of waste-heat recovery. 19 Previous works have demonstrated the potential of generating hydrogen-rich syngas from fuel onboard the vehicle using various processes (both catalyzed and un-catalyzed) 14,15,18,[20][21][22][23]…”

Section: Practical Engine Knockmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of knock benefits from reformate and cooled exhaust gas recirculation using a Livengood–Wu approach with detailed chemical kinetics

Marsh

Voice

2016

International Journal of Engine Research

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In this work, a simple methodology was implemented to predict the onset of knock in spark-ignition engines and quantify the benefits of two practical knock mitigation strategies: cooled exhaust gas recirculation and syngas blending. Based on the results of this study, both cooled exhaust gas recirculation and the presence of syngas constituents in the end-gas substantially improved the knock-limited compression ratio of the engine. At constant load, 25% exhaust gas recirculation increased the knock-limited compression ratio from 9.0 to 10.8:1 (0.07 compression ratio per 1% exhaust gas recirculation) due to lower end-gas temperature and reactant (fuel and oxygen) concentrations. At exhaust gas recirculation rates above 43%, higher intake temperature outweighed the benefits of lower end-gas reactant concentration. At constant intake temperature, cooled exhaust gas recirculation was significantly more effective at all exhaust gas recirculation rates (0.10 compression ratio per 1% exhaust gas recirculation), and no diminishing returns or optimum was observed. Both hydrogen and carbon monoxide were also predicted to improve knock by reducing end-gas reactivity, likely through the conversion of high-reactivity hydroxy-radicals to less reactive peroxy-radicals. Hydrogen increased the knock-limited compression ratio by 1.1 per volume percent added at constant energy content. Carbon monoxide was less effective, increasing the knock-limited compression ratio by 0.38 per volume percent added. Combining 25% cooled exhaust gas recirculation with reformate produced from rich combustion at an equivalence ratio of 1.3 resulted in a predicted increase in the knock-limited compression ratio of 3.5, which agreed well with the published experimental engine data. The results show the extent to which syngas blending and cooled exhaust gas recirculation each contribute separately to knock mitigation and demonstrate that both can be effective knock mitigation strategies. Together, these solutions have the potential to increase the compression ratio and efficiency of spark-ignition engines.

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Section: Practical Engine Knockmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of knock benefits from reformate and cooled exhaust gas recirculation using a Livengood–Wu approach with detailed chemical kinetics

Marsh

Voice

2016

International Journal of Engine Research

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“…Rhodium-based mono or bimetallic catalysts have proven their efficiency for producing hydrogen in the REGR conditions [9][10][11], i.e. in the presence of a fuel, water, CO2, O2 and N2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen production from hydrocarbons over Rh supported on Ce-based oxides for automotive applications

Gomes

Bion

Duprez

et al. 2016

Applied Catalysis B: Environmental

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“…This cooperative metal-metal effect decreased the Co 3 O 4 spinel formation and favored the selectivity toward H 2 production. In an attempt to understand the real effect of the effective incorporation of cobalt on the physicochemical properties, mixed oxide catalysts with different Ce/Zr ratios were also studied [29] since Co 2+ is normally inserted in the fluorite structure substituting Zr 4+ ions [30,31]. It was demonstrated that the low content of zirconium favored the cobalt rejection, promoting the Co 3 O 4 formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of ruthenium on the catalytic properties of CeZr and CeZrCo mixed oxides for glycerol steam reforming reaction toward H2 production

Araque

Centeno

et al. 2015

Catalysis Today

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Please cite this article in press as: L.M.M. T, et al., Role of ruthenium on the catalytic properties of CeZr and CeZrCo mixed oxides for glycerol steam reforming reaction toward H 2 production, Catal. Today (2014), http://dx. a b s t r a c tThe effect of ruthenium on the physico-chemical properties of CeZr and CeZrCo mixed oxides for H 2 production by glycerol steam reforming reaction has been studied. The combination of in situ Raman spectroscopy under both reductive and oxidative conditions, H 2 /O 2 pulses and XRD, Raman, BET analysis, H 2 -TPR and TPD-TPO analyses contributed to the determination of the structural and textural properties, redox behavior, re-oxidation capacity and resistance to carbon deposition of the synthesized catalysts. The results show that the catalytic activity is improved by the (positive) cooperative and complementary effect between cobalt and ruthenium that favors the selectivity toward the steam reforming, selective to H 2 , with respect to the unselective thermal decomposition of glycerol. Ruthenium stabilizes the cobalt cations inserted in the fluorite structure preventing its rejection as Co 3 O 4 ; and provides the necessary hydrogen to reduce Ce 4+ . The combination cobalt-ruthenium modifies positively the redox properties of the catalysts, increases the re-oxidation capacity (OSC) and promotes the gasification of the carbon deposits. Under the reaction conditions, the decrease in glycerol conversion came along with a change of selectivity. The formation of H 2 and CO 2 were strongly decreased, while the formation of CO, C 2 H 4 and condensable products (mainly hydroxyacetone) increase. The differences in the catalytic stability and activity of the catalysts are related to the capability of the catalysts to activate H 2 O under the reaction conditions, favoring the steam reforming reaction over the thermal decomposition.

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On-Board Hydrogen Production Through Catalytic Exhaust-Gas Reforming of Isooctane: Efficiency of Mixed Oxide Catalysts Ce2Zr1.5Me0.5O8 (Me = Co, Rh, or Co–Noble Metal)

Cited by 15 publications

References 28 publications

Quantification of knock benefits from reformate and cooled exhaust gas recirculation using a Livengood–Wu approach with detailed chemical kinetics

Quantification of knock benefits from reformate and cooled exhaust gas recirculation using a Livengood–Wu approach with detailed chemical kinetics

Hydrogen production from hydrocarbons over Rh supported on Ce-based oxides for automotive applications

Role of ruthenium on the catalytic properties of CeZr and CeZrCo mixed oxides for glycerol steam reforming reaction toward H2 production

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