On-Board Calibration Methods for Mechanical Distortions of Satellite Phased Array Antennas

Takahashi, Toru; Nakamoto, Narihiro; Ohtsuka, Masataka; Toshihiko, Aoki; Konishi, Yoshihiko; Chiba, Isamu; Yajima, Masanobu

doi:10.1109/tap.2011.2180303

Cited by 58 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Suppose that narrowband signals impinge onto an -element array from directions of snapshots are collected, and the output of the accurately calibrated array at time is (1) where and are the array responding matrix and vector, respectively, is the phase-delay of the th signal when propagating from the reference to the th sensor, is the waveform of the th signal at time is the noise vector with variance and the superscript is the short of "perturbation-free". When array imperfections are taken into consideration, the array output is given as follows,…”

Section: Perturbed Array Output Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…is (22) The first-order partial derivations of w.r.t. , i.e., the th element of , can be computed straightforwardly as (23) 1 The conditional CRLB was derived in the previous version of this paper, it separates the precision bounds of array perturbation parameters and DOA estimates, but as it serves for the determined(and unknown) signals and is not consistent with the overall Bayesian framework, it is not contained here and left over for another paper. and the expectation of the second-order derivation of w.r.t.…”

Section: Cramer-rao Lower Bounds For Array Calibration and Doa Esmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, experimental calibration does not work for the satellite-and air-borne array systems [1]. Therefore, the self-calibration and DOA estimation methods have aroused much research interest during the past few years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Unified Framework and Sparse Bayesian Perspective for Direction-of-Arrival Estimation in the Presence of Array Imperfections

Liu

Zhou

2013

IEEE Trans. Signal Process.

139

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Self-calibration methods play an important role in reducing the negative effects of array imperfections during direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation. However, the dependence of most such methods on the eigenstructure techniques greatly degrades their adaptation to demanding scenarios, such as low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and limited snapshots. This paper aims at formulating a unified framework and sparse Bayesian perspective for array calibration and DOA estimation. A comprehensive model of the array output is presented first when a single type of array imperfection is considered, with mutual coupling, gain/phase uncertainty, and sensor location error treated as typical examples. The spatial sparsity of the incident signals is then exploited, and a Bayesian method is proposed to realize array calibration and source DOA estimation. The array perturbation magnitudes are assumed to be small according to most application scenarios, and the geometries of mutually coupled arrays are assumed to be uniform linear and those of arrays with sensor location errors are assumed to be linear. Cramer-Rao lower bounds (CRLBs) for the array calibration and DOA estimation precisions are also obtained. The sparse Bayesian method is finally extended to deal with the DOA estimation problem when more than one type of array perturbation coexists.Index Terms-Direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation, array calibration, perturbed array output formulation, Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB), sparse Bayesian reconstruction.

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Section: Perturbed Array Output Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cramer-rao Lower Bounds For Array Calibration and Doa Esmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Unified Framework and Sparse Bayesian Perspective for Direction-of-Arrival Estimation in the Presence of Array Imperfections

Liu

Zhou

2013

IEEE Trans. Signal Process.

139

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Another way of categorizing different calibration schemes is from the viewpoint as for how many elements are calibrated at meantime. Serial approaches deal with one element in a single measurement iteration [8], [9], [12]- [14]. For the sequential measurements to properly reveal element imbalance, they must be finished in a period short enough so that the conditions such as the thermal state of the array channels, the pointing angles of the satellite platform and the atmospheric conditions along the space-ground wireless link remain stationary [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NOMA-Based Calibration for Large-Scale Spaceborne Antenna Arrays

Lin

Wang

et al. 2018

IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.

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Abstract-In the parallel calibration for transmitting phased arrays, the calibration receiver must separate the signals belonging to different antenna elements to avoid mutual interference. Existing algorithms encode different antenna elements' radiation with orthogonal signature codes, but these algorithms are far from desired for large-scale spaceborne antenna arrays. Considering the strictly limited resources on satellites, to improve hardware efficiency of large-scale spaceborne antenna arrays, in this work inspired by the idea of non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) we design a series of non-orthogonal signature codes for different antenna elements by Cyclically Shifting an m-Sequence (CSmS) with different offsets named as CSmS-NOMA signaling. This design can strike an elegant balance between the performance and complexity and is very suitable for large-scale spaceborne antenna arrays. It is shown that no matter how many antenna elements there are to be calibrated simultaneously, CSmS-NOMA signaling needs only one calibrating waveform generator and one matched filter. Hence it is much more efficient than the existing fully orthogonal schemes. In order to evaluate the achievable calibration accuracy, a unified theoretical framework is developed based on which the relationship between calibration accuracy and signal to noise ratio (SNR) has been clearly revealed. Furthermore, a hardware experiment platform is also built to assess the theoretical work. For all the considered scenarios, it can be concluded that the theoretical, simulated and experimental results coincide with each other perfectly.

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“…However, both RUZE and WANG assumed that the structural error was within a priori determined distribution and failed to analyze practical structural deficiencies through a finite element analysis of the antenna structure. Recently, TAKAHASHI, et al [11], and SONG, et al [12], investigated the dynamics related to distortions of the radiating surfaces and their impact on the antenna's electrical performance. However, the majority of research concentrated on the relation between radiating slot information and the electrical performance of the antenna, and an extensive number of research papers has been published on this topic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Surface Roughness in Micro-nano Scale on Slotted Waveguide Arrays in Ku-band

Song

2017

Chin. J. Mech. Eng.

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Modeling of the roughness in micro-nano scale and its influence have not been fully investigated, however the roughness will cause amplitude and phase errors of the radiating slot, and decrease the precision and efficiency of the SWA in Ku-band. Firstly, the roughness is simulated using the electromechanical coupled(EC) model. The relationship between roughness and the antenna's radiation properties is obtained. For verification, an antenna prototype is manufactured and tested, and the simulation method is introduced. According to the prototype, a contrasting experiment dealing with the flatness of the radiating plane is conducted to test the simulation method. The advantage of the EC model is validated by comparisons of the EC model and two classical roughness models (sine wave and fractal function), which shows that the EC model gives a more accurate description model for roughness, the maximum error is 13%. The existence of roughness strongly broadens the beamwidth and raises the side-lobe level of SWA, which is 1.2 times greater than the ideal antenna. In addition, effect of the EC model's evaluation indices is investigated, the most affected scale of the roughness is found, which is 1/10 of the working wavelength. The proposed research provides the instruction for antenna designing and manufacturing.

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On-Board Calibration Methods for Mechanical Distortions of Satellite Phased Array Antennas

Cited by 58 publications

References 26 publications

A Unified Framework and Sparse Bayesian Perspective for Direction-of-Arrival Estimation in the Presence of Array Imperfections

A Unified Framework and Sparse Bayesian Perspective for Direction-of-Arrival Estimation in the Presence of Array Imperfections

NOMA-Based Calibration for Large-Scale Spaceborne Antenna Arrays

Effect of Surface Roughness in Micro-nano Scale on Slotted Waveguide Arrays in Ku-band

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