On a Fourth Collection of Reptiles, Mostly Taken in Tanganyika Territory by MR C. J. P. Ionides

Loveridge, Arthur

doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1959.tb05550.x

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Yet this view is far from unanimous; thus Underwood (1971), in the introduction toanew ehtion of Camp (1923), retains the Amphisbaenia as an infraorder within the Sauria, and Gorman (1973), in a summary of reptilian chromosomes, still notes that "for convenience I consider the amphisbaenians as a lizard family". SUPRAGENERIC STATUS Overall placement of the Amphisbaenia Amphisbaenians include both oviparous (Carr, 1949;Loveridge, 1920;Smalian, 1884) and ovoviviparous forms (Hediger, 1935;Loveridge, 1955;Visser, 1967). Embryos have been reported (Bellairs, 1949b;Bons & Saint Girons, 1963;Broadley, Gans & Visser, 1976;Carr, 1949;Goeldi, 1897;Loveridge, 1955;Smalian, 1884;Visser, 1967), but these are few and fewer have been sectioned and studied.…”

Section: History Of the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

The characteristics and affinities of the Amphisbaenia

Gans

1978

The Transactions of the Zoological Society of London

168

105

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The amphisbaenians, to judge from the many changes of opinion regarding their appropriate position among the vertebrates, appear to have puzzled most students of herpetology. Re‐evaluation suggests that a case may now be made for classifying the amphisbaenians as an order, separate from the lizards and snakes, but included with them in a superorder Squamata. Evidence for such a position may be derived from several dozen systems in which amphisbaenians differ from lizards, from snakes, or from both. Although individual character states are occasionally equivalent to those shown by one or another family of lizards, there is no “closest” family. This suggests that the Amphisbaenia probably diverged from the remainder of the Squamata before the diversification of all present families of lizards. Unfortunately many of the character states are still known from only a limited number of amphisbaenians and information for other groupings of squamates is similarly inadequate.

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Section: History Of the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

The characteristics and affinities of the Amphisbaenia

Gans

1978

The Transactions of the Zoological Society of London

168

105

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“…Trioceros Reference 1 0 a Blackburn, 1982 2 1 Blackburn, 1985Blackburn, , 1999Shine, 1985;Townsend & Larson, 2002;Andrews & Karsten, 2010;Schulte & Moreno-Roark, 2010;Measey et al, 2014 2 b 1 b Pyron & Burbrink, 2014 3 2 This study 4 c 3 Tilbury & Tolley, 2009;Tilbury, 2010Tilbury, , 2018 a Combined with Bradypodion, based on Hillenius (1959) b Given the source's assumption that viviparity can revert to oviparity, these figures also would require 1-3 additional transformations (via some combination of reversals and re-reversals) (see text) c On the grounds that viviparity in Bradypodion is derived independently from Trioceros TA Loveridge, 1920Loveridge, , 1923Loveridge, , 1929Loveridge, , 1959Bustard, 1966;Toxopeus, Kruijt, & Hillenius, 1998 C Loveridge, 1936;Bustard, 1965;Lin & Nelson, 1981;Struyf, 1981;Zimmerman, 1986;Toxopeus et al, 1998;Peek, 1992;La Berre, 2009;Stipala, 2014 W Broadley, 1966;Loveridge, 1923;Jaensch, 1991;Tröger, 1995;…”

Section: Familymentioning

confidence: 96%

Evolutionary origins of viviparity in Chamaeleonidae

Hughes

Blackburn

2019

J Zool Syst Evol Res

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Historically, an understanding of viviparity and its evolution in Old World chameleons (Chamaeleonidae) has lagged behind that of other squamate families. Not only is reproductive information scarce or entirely absent for most chameleon species, but the literature reveals no consensus as to the frequency and ecological circumstances under which chameleon viviparity evolved. We integrated information on reproductive modes for nearly all chameleon species with recently published family‐scale phylogenetic and ecological analyses to clarify aspects of reproductive evolution in chameleons. Ancestral‐trait reconstructions, after accounting for phylogenetic uncertainty, indicated that viviparity has arisen a minimum of three times in Chamaeleonidae, with each origin of live birth in closed‐canopy forests. Our maximum‐likelihood optimization therefore did not support the previous hypotheses of one, two or four origins of viviparity in the family. Past claims that arboreality would not allow for evolution of viviparity were also not supported, nor was a recent suggestion that viviparity has reverted to oviparity. However, cold climates of high latitudes and elevations may have selected for viviparity in arboreal chameleons. While peritoneal pigmentation may facilitate viviparity, its role as an exaptation rather than an adaptation remains equivocal without data from a wider range of chameleon species. Based on a comprehensive review of reproductive modes throughout the family, our study has resolved the number of origins of viviparity in Chamaeleonidae and provided evidence that live birth evolved under arboreal conditions on three separate occasions in this enigmatic squamate group. This study also reveals the value of using phylogenetic analysis in a manner that is robust to uncertainty (rather than simple correlational approaches) when the goal is to reconstruct evolutionary sequences and selective pressures.

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“…The diameter at midbody was measured using a vernier calliper. Comparative data consulted for the diagnosis of the new species were obtained from Werner (1913), Loveridge (1920), Loveridge (1942), Loveridge (1955) and Broadley (1995).…”

Section: Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It differs from the type of S. acontias in not having the frontal fused with the interparietal (Witte & Laurent 1943). The juvenile skink from Kilwa (MCZ 52483) that Loveridge (1955) assigned to S. acontias has 18 midbody scale rows, 120 ventrals, 49 subcaudals, two suprao-culars, two supraciliaries and two supralabials anterior to the subocular, with 12 brown dorsal stripes. The new species differs from this specimen and all other congeners by also possessing a higher number of subcaudal scales (58-61 compared with 49-57).…”

Section: Scolecoseps Broadleyi Sp Novmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Witte & Laurent (1943) reviewed African fossorial skinks allied to Scelotes and recognised the two species of Scolecoseps, differentiating them on relative rostral length and number of supralabials below the eye (one in S. boulengeri and three in Scolecoseps acontias). On these features, Loveridge (1955) tentatively assigned a juvenile skink from Kilwa (230 km south of Dar es Salaam) to S. acontias. After investigating skull osteology and external morphology in the Scincidae, Greer (1970) suggested that Scolecoseps was probably derived from ancestral Scelotes stock via Melanoseps.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A new species ofScolecoseps(Reptilia: Scincidae) from coastal north-eastern Mozambique

Verburgt

Branch

2018

African Journal of Herpetology

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Seven specimens of Scolecoseps Loveridge, 1920 from the vicinity of Palma on the north coast of Mozambique are compared morphologically with other known material of this genus. The new material can be distinguished morphologically from all other Scolecoseps by the presence and position of certain head scales, particularly a supraciliary and four small suboculars, a small mental and high subcaudal counts. It is described as a new species, Scolecoseps broadleyi sp. nov. The new species is found in coastal savannah habitat under leaf litter of Berlinia orientalis trees, in sandy soils in close proximity to large wetlands. Its currently known distribution is south of the range of Scolecoseps litipoensis Broadley, 1995 and north of that of Scolecoseps boulengeri Loveridge, 1920. We provide a review of the available literature for the genus Scolecoseps and highlight the necessity for additional research on these poorly known fossorial skinks.ZooBank-Scolecoseps broadleyi: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C4E3723C-982-4CFA-900B-0B23A9AD5B84

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On a Fourth Collection of Reptiles, Mostly Taken in Tanganyika Territory by MR C. J. P. Ionides

Cited by 14 publications

References 4 publications

The characteristics and affinities of the Amphisbaenia

The characteristics and affinities of the Amphisbaenia

Evolutionary origins of viviparity in Chamaeleonidae

A new species ofScolecoseps(Reptilia: Scincidae) from coastal north-eastern Mozambique

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