Abstract. Almost all combinatorial question can be reformulated as either a matching or a covering problem of a hypergraph. In this paper we survey some of the important results.
CoversA hypergraph H is an ordered pair (X, ~) where X is a finite set (the set of vertices, or points, or elements) and Jt ~ is a collection of subsets of X (called edges, or members of H). We will often use the notation X = V(H), ~ = E(H). The rank of H is r(H) = max{IE[: E ~ ~}. If every member of Jf has r elements we call it r-uniform, or an r-graph. The 2-uniform hypergraphs are called graphs. In almost all cases we will deal with hypergraphs without multiple edges. 2x and (Xr) denote the family of all subsets (all r-subsets) of X, resp. A set T is called a cover (in other words a transversal or a blocking set) of H if it intersects every edge of H, i.e., T N E ~ ~ for all E ~ ~. The minimum cardinality of the covers is denoted by z(H), and called the covering number of H.