Ommochromes from Hermetia illucens: Isolation and Study of Antioxidant Characteristics and Antimicrobial Activity

Properties of Cephalopod Skin Ommochromes to Inhibit Free Radicals, and the Maillard Reaction and Retino-Protective Mechanisms in Cellular Models Concerning Oxidative Stress, Angiogenesis, and Inflammation

“…However, we could find a significant protective effect against erastin, which is a compound-inducing ferroptosis as found in lipid peroxidation [ 18 ]. This is in accordance with the proposed effect of ommochromes against lipid peroxidation [ 9 ]. It has to be pointed out, however, that the effect of the tested ommochrome was time and concentration dependent and was only found at the highest concentration tested.…”

“…In addition, they are non-light sensitive pigments present in invertebrate organs of the vision whose function is to filter and absorb light. In conjunction with the optical function, ommochromes play an antioxidant protective role against the blue/violet light [ 8 , 9 ]. Due to their biological activity, these natural pigments can be promising pharmacological preparations for the prevention and treatment of pathologies associated with the development of oxidative stress such as AMD.…”

“…These aromatic compounds grouped into ommatins, ommins, and ommidins not only produce color change in cephalopods but are also involved in various metabolic and physiological processes and provide protection against ultraviolet (UV) light for photoreceptor cells [ 2 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Ommochromes have a stable electron spin resonance (ESR) signal with a high concentration of paramagnetic (antiradical) centers, which increase with UV and visible light.…”

Inhibition of Pathogenic Bacteria and Fungi by Natural Phenoxazinone from Octopus Ommochrome Pigments

“…The results obtained in this study from octopus (Octopus vulgaris) ommochromes are in agreement with results reported for fly ommochromes (1 mg/disc), which showed a null growth halo inhibition activity for Bacillus coagulans, S. aureus, E. coli; inhibitory activity was only observed against B. subtilis, although the pigments showed lower activity compared to the antibiotic (Oxacillin 10 μg/ml) [11]. Similarly, the antibacterial effect evaluated by means of the inhibition halo agar diffusion technique (1 mg/disc), was classified as trace or low (for Bacillus cereus, Clostridium perfringens, Klebsiella pneumoniae), and as moderate (for S. aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, and L. monocytogenes).…”

“…The antimicrobial activity of cephalopod ommochrome pigments, such as those from the giant squid (Dosidicus gigas), has been previously evaluated by Aubourg et al [12], Chan-Higuera et al [14], and Esparza-Espinoza et al [2021, https://doi.org/10.1590/ fst.18221]. In addition, similar biological activities of insect ommochromes (fly: Hermetia illucens) have been reported [10,11].…”