Omics technologies for improved diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer: Technical advancement and major perspectives

Dalal, Nishu; Jalandra, Rekha; Sharma, Minakshi; Prakash, Hridayesh; Makharia, Govind; Solanki, Pratima R.; Singh, Rajeev; Kumar, Anil

doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110648

Cited by 52 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 133 publications

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“…Due to the relatively high percentage of patients with CRC and distant metastasis at the time of initial diagnosis ( 3 ), identification of novel and effective biomarkers for early diagnosis may contribute to the improvement of early screening for CRC. Omics technologies provide powerful methods to identify potential biomarkers for early diagnosis ( 53 ). Using microarray and online database analyses, the present study identified mutations and lower expression levels of FCGBP in CRC tissues compared with those in noncancerous colorectal tissues, which was consistent with previous studies on various malignancies, including CRC ( 12 – 18 , 20 , 24 – 26 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic and immunological roles of Fc fragment of IgG binding protein in colorectal cancer

et al. 2021

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Valuable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers are urgently needed for colorectal cancer (CRC), which is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Previous studies have reported altered expression of a mucin-like protein Fc fragment of IgG binding protein (FCGBP) in various types of cancer, but its potential diagnostic, prognostic and immunological roles in CRC remain to be determined. Therefore, the aim of current study was to investigate the potential roles of FCGBP in CRC. The present study investigated FCGBP mutations and changes in its expression levels using a combination of microarray and public dataset analyses, as well as immunohistochemistry. The results demonstrated a 10.5% mutation frequency in the FCGBP coding sequence in CRC tissues, and identified decreased FCGBP mRNA or protein expression levels in colorectal adenoma and CRC (compared with those in normal colorectal tissues from healthy control subjects), including pathologically advanced CRC (stage Ⅲ+Ⅳ vs. I+II). Survival analysis using the GEPIA and Kaplan-Meier Plotter databases revealed that low FCGBP expression levels were associated with short overall, disease-free, relapse-free and event-free survival times in patients with CRC. Notably, analysis using the online Tumor IMmune Estimation Resource database revealed a positive correlation between FCGBP expression levels and the extent of infiltrating immune cells, such as B cells and dendritic cells. Consistently, the expression levels of most markers (51/57) for various types of immune cells were significantly correlated with FCGBP expression levels in CRC tissues. These findings suggested that FCGBP may serve as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, and that FCGBP may be associated with immune infiltration in CRC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic and immunological roles of Fc fragment of IgG binding protein in colorectal cancer

et al. 2021

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“…Multiple strains of bacteria have been directly linked to colon cancer pathogenesis including Fusobacterium Nucleatum , Streptococcus gallolyticus , Bacteroides fragilis , E coli , Enterococcus faecalis [ 58 ]. Several recent review articles discuss different aspects of the microbiome as they relate to colon cancer such as biofilm formation, the microbiome’s impact on stem cells, the role of antibiotics and probiotics in CRC, and the study of “omics” as pertains to the microbiome, which are beyond the scope of this review [ 52 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 ]. Instead, we will primarily focus on the role of the microbiome on inflammatory and select metabolic pathways in the context of colorectal cancer.…”

Section: Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Inflammatory Pathogenesis of Colorectal Cancer

et al. 2021

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Colorectal cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide. Traditionally, mechanisms of colorectal cancer formation have focused on genetic alterations including chromosomal damage and microsatellite instability. In recent years, there has been a growing body of evidence supporting the role of inflammation in colorectal cancer formation. Multiple cytokines, immune cells such T cells and macrophages, and other immune mediators have been identified in pathways leading to the initiation, growth, and metastasis of colorectal cancer. Outside the previously explored mechanisms and pathways leading to colorectal cancer, initiatives have been shifted to further study the role of inflammation in pathogenesis. Inflammatory pathways have also been linked to some traditional risk factors of colorectal cancer such as obesity, smoking and diabetes, as well as more novel associations such as the gut microbiome, the gut mycobiome and exosomes. In this review, we will explore the roles of obesity and diet, smoking, diabetes, the microbiome, the mycobiome and exosomes in colorectal cancer, with a specific focus on the underlying inflammatory and metabolic pathways involved. We will also investigate how the study of colon cancer from an inflammatory background not only creates a more holistic and inclusive understanding of this disease, but also creates unique opportunities for prevention, early diagnosis and therapy.

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“…The metabolomics approach works on metabolites that are essential for the growth, maintenance, and normal function of cells, such as amino acids, fatty acids, organic acids, sugars, etc. [ 14 ].…”

Section: Systems Biology Approaches To Define New Biomarkers and Drug Reusementioning

confidence: 99%

Systems-level biomarkers identification and drug repositioning in colorectal cancer

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Yildirim

Kori

et al. 2021

WJGO

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most commonly diagnosed fatal cancer in both women and men worldwide. CRC ranked second in mortality and third in incidence in 2020. It is difficult to diagnose CRC at an early stage as there are no clinical symptoms. Despite advances in molecular biology, only a limited number of biomarkers have been translated into routine clinical practice to predict risk, prognosis and response to treatment. In the last decades, systems biology approaches at the omics level have gained importance. Over the years, several biomarkers for CRC have been discovered in terms of disease diagnosis and prognosis. On the other hand, a few drugs are being developed and used in clinics for the treatment of CRC. However, the development of new drugs is very costly and time-consuming as the research and development takes about 10 years and more than $1 billion. Therefore, drug repositioning (DR) could save time and money by establishing new indications for existing drugs. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of CRC from the systems biology perspective and insights into DR approaches for the prevention or treatment of CRC.

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Omics technologies for improved diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer: Technical advancement and major perspectives

Cited by 52 publications

References 133 publications

Prognostic and immunological roles of Fc fragment of IgG binding protein in colorectal cancer

Prognostic and immunological roles of Fc fragment of IgG binding protein in colorectal cancer

Exploring the Inflammatory Pathogenesis of Colorectal Cancer

Systems-level biomarkers identification and drug repositioning in colorectal cancer

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