Omega‐3 phospholipids and obesity‐associated NAFLD: Potential mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives

Mitrović, Marko; Sistilli, Gabriella; Horakova, Olga; Rossmeisl, Martin

doi:10.1111/eci.13650

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 101 publications

(219 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In regard to the relationship between total PUFAs and risk of NAFLD, a systematic review and meta-analysis of 13 studies, consisting of 668 patients with NAFLD, found that total PUFAs or fish oil supplementation may affect serum ALT levels and improve liver function (28). Similar associations could also be observed in other studies of dietary or supplementation with n-3 fatty acids (29)(30)(31)(32). However, contradictory results could also be found.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Dietary fatty acids and risk of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: A national study in the United States

Wang²,

Zhu³

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundNon-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the early invertible stage of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, has become a public health challenge due to the great burden and lack of effective treatment. Dietary nutrients are one of the modifiable factors to prevent and slow down disease progression. However, evidence linking dietary fatty acids intake and risk of NASH is lacking.ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine the association between dietary total saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), their subtypes, the ratio of unsaturated (UFAs) to SFAs, and the risk of NASH among a nationwide population in the United States.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted among 4,161 adults in the national health and nutrition examination survey in 2017–2018 cycle. Moreover, NASH was defined by transient elastography. Dietary fatty acids were assessed using a validated 24-h food recall method. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).ResultsA total of 2,089 (50.2%) participants with NASH were identified. Compared with participants in the bottom tercile of dietary intakes of total PUFAs, those in the highest tercile had lower risk of NASH, with an adjusted OR of 0.67 (95% CI: 0.46–0.97). Similar associations were found between the subtype of PUFA 18:3 and NASH, while the fully adjusted OR in the highest tercile was 0.67 (95% CI: 0.47–0.96). Interactions of dietary PUFAs and body mass index (BMI) could be found influencing NASH risk. Stronger associations of dietary total PUFAs intakes with NASH risk were found in obese participants (OR, 95% CI: 0.41, 0.22–0.75) than in the non-obese participants (OR, 95% CI: 1.00, 0.70–1.43; p-interaction = 0.006). Similar effects on risk of NASH were also observed between BMI and dietary intakes of PUFA 18:3. However, no significant associations were observed between NASH risk and dietary total SFAs, MUFAs, their subtypes as well as the ratio of UFAs to SFAs.ConclusionDietary intakes of total PUFAs, as well as its subtype of PUFA 18:3, were inversely associated with risk of NASH. The further large prospective studies need to be conducted to confirm the findings of this study.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Dietary fatty acids and risk of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: A national study in the United States

Wang²,

Zhu³

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The peptides isolated from sea cucumber Stichopus japonicas can increase the content of unsaturated lipids in mouse and rat hippocampus (Lu et al, 2022a). As unsaturated lipids can modulate lipid metabolism (Djuricic and Calder, 2021;Mitrovic et al, 2022), the above results suggest that peptides alleviate hyperlipidemia by regulating the metabolism of unsaturated lipids. The potential mechanisms of action of peptides and proteins of sea cucumbers are summarized in Figure 9.…”

Section: Protein and Peptidementioning

confidence: 88%

“…Different solvents have distinct ability for extraction of FAs, and water is found to Frontiers in Pharmacology frontiersin.org have a higher efficiency for extraction of docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6, Figure 1) compared to phosphate buffer saline, methanol, or ethanol (Fredalina et al, 1999). Accumulating evidence have demonstrated the health-beneficial effects of polyunsaturated FAs for treatment of lipid disorders (Djuricic and Calder, 2021;Mitrovic et al, 2022). Therefore, FAs, especially the n-3 polyunsaturated FAs that are enriched in sea cucumbers have potential application in pharmaceutical industries for intervention of dyslipidemias.…”

Section: Fa and Phospholipidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sea cucumber-derived compounds for treatment of dyslipidemia: A review

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dyslipidemias are disorders of plasma levels of lipids, such as elevated levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride, that are associated with various human diseases including cardiovascular disease (CVD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Statins are the first-line drugs for treatment of dyslipidemia. However, a substantial proportion of patients cannot reach the recommended LDL-c level even with the highest tolerated doses of statins, and there is no available drug specifically for NAFLD therapy. Sea cucumbers are one of the widely distributed invertebrates, and are an important resource of food and medicine. Sea cucumbers have many valuable nutrients including saponins, fatty acids, phospholipids, cerebrosides, sulfated polysaccharides, as well as proteins and peptides. In recent years, these natural products derived from sea cucumbers have attracted attentions for treatment of CVD and NAFLD because of their lipid-lowering effect and low toxicity. However, the hypolipidemic mechanisms of action and the structure-activity relationship of these bioactive components have not been well-documented in literature. This review article summarizes the signaling pathways and the potential structure-activity relationship of sea cucumber-derived bioactive compounds including saponins, lipids, carbohydrates as well as peptides and proteins. This article will provide information useful for the development of sea cucumber-derived lipid-lowering compounds as well as for investigation of hypolipidemic compounds that are derived from other natural resources.

show abstract

“…Phospholipids are increasingly being studied, as their oxidation may be associated with obesity, inflammation, and NASH. It has been reported that carbon chain (C)32, C34, and C36 are inversely related to the severity of NAFLD [ 40 ], that n -3 PUFA has anti-inflammatory effects in the liver [ 41 ], and that neutralizing oxidized phospholipids are effective treatment for NASH in studies in mice [ 42 ]. It has been reported that the increase in FFAs after LSG may be due to the mobilization of FFAs from adipose and hepatic tissues due to decreased dietary intake and decreased substrate availability for de novo lipid synthesis [ 7 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of a Fatty Acid for Diagnosing Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis in Patients with Severe Obesity Undergoing Metabolic Surgery

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The prevalence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in severely obese Japanese patients is extremely high. However, there are currently no methods other than liver biopsy to assess hepatic steatosis and fibrosis. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively analyze changes in fatty acid (FA) and serum-free fatty acid (FFA) metabolism in severely obese Japanese patients to determine whether these could be surrogate markers. In this study, we enrolled 20 Japanese patients who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) for severe obesity and intraoperative liver biopsy. Serum FFAs were analyzed with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and FAs in liver tissue were assessed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-imaging mass spectrometry to determine FAs that may be indicative of a positive NASH diagnosis. All patients showed significant weight loss and metabolic improvement following LSG. Regarding weight loss and metabolic improvement indices, 23 FFAs showed significant correlations with the baseline data. Narrowing down the phospholipids to commonly detected FAs detected in liver tissue, PC(18:1e_20:4) was significantly changed in the NASH group, suggesting that it could be used as a surrogate marker for NASH diagnosis. The results suggest that specific postoperative changes in blood phospholipids could be used as surrogate markers for NASH treatment.

show abstract

Omega‐3 phospholipids and obesity‐associated NAFLD: Potential mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives

Cited by 16 publications

References 101 publications

Dietary fatty acids and risk of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: A national study in the United States

Dietary fatty acids and risk of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: A national study in the United States

Sea cucumber-derived compounds for treatment of dyslipidemia: A review

Identification of a Fatty Acid for Diagnosing Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis in Patients with Severe Obesity Undergoing Metabolic Surgery

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About