OMEGA-3 Interventions in Alcohol Dependence and Related Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Propositions

Galduróz, José Carlos Fernandes; Bezerra, Andréia Gomes; Pires, Gabriel Natan; Pauluci, Renata; Noto, Ana Regina

doi:10.2174/1570159x18666200128120729

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Three systematic reviews with a total of 20 dietary intervention studies in individuals with substance use disorders were included. 26,83,84 Two reviews were published in 2020 83,84 and one in 2021, 26 and all included studies with adult populations. Figure 4 depicts the search dates of the reviews.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 4 depicts the search dates of the reviews. Two reviews focused on individuals with alcohol use disorder, with Galduroz et al including studies of omega‐3 supplementation, 83 and McLean et al including any nutrition intervention 84 . Whatnall et al focused on any nutrition intervention in adults with substance use disorders for illicit substances or illicit use of pharmaceutical substances 26 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effectiveness of dietary interventions in mental health treatment: A rapid review of reviews

Burrows

Teasdale

Rocks

et al. 2022

Nutrition & Dietetics

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Aim This rapid review of reviews aimed to determine the extent of research undertaken on the effectiveness of dietary interventions for individuals with a mental disorder. Methods Three databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Reviews and Cochrane Trials) were searched to February 2021 for systematic reviews including experimental studies assessing the effectiveness of dietary interventions with physical or mental health related outcomes in adults or children with one or more of: severe mental illness, depression or anxiety, eating disorders, or substance use disorder. Results are presented descriptively. Results The number of included reviews was 46 (67% in severe mental illness, 20% in depression and anxiety, 7% in eating disorders, and 7% in substance use disorders). Most reviews were published since 2016 (59%), and included studies conducted in adults (63%). Interventions in the eating disorders and severe mental illness reviews were predominantly education and behaviour change, whereas interventions in the substance use disorders, and depression and anxiety reviews were predominantly supplementation (e.g. omega‐3). Twenty‐eight and twelve of the reviews respectively reported mental health and dietary outcomes for one or more included studies. Most reviews in severe mental illness, and depression and anxiety reported conclusions supporting the positive effects of dietary intervention, including positive effects on weight‐related or mental health outcomes, and on mental health outcomes, respectively. Conclusions A larger number of systematic reviews were identified which evaluated dietary interventions in individuals with severe mental illness, and depression and anxiety, compared with substance use disorders, and eating disorders. Dietary intervention is an important component of the treatment that should be available to individuals living with mental disorders, to support their physical and mental health.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of dietary interventions in mental health treatment: A rapid review of reviews

Burrows

Teasdale

Rocks

et al. 2022

Nutrition & Dietetics

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“…improvements in preclinical studies at the behavioral, cellular, and molecular level (6). Instead, a narrative review suggested that the ingestion of the omega-3 metabolite, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), in childhood and adolescence has an important role in the neurodevelopment of the prefrontal cortex, an area involved with impulse control, contributing to decrease vulnerability to alcohol dependence (28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), mainly ômega-3 and ômega-6, are being studied as a possible adjuvant in alcoholism disorders treatment (6). In an animal model, ômega-3 reduced anxiety-like behaviors in newborn rats that previously received ethanol (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omega-3 for the Prevention of Alcohol Use Disorder Relapse: A Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Clinical Trial

et al. 2022

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BackgroundRecent studies have sought to identify the possible benefits of the intake of omega-3, an important component of neuronal membranes, for the treatment of alcohol use disorder.AimThe objective of the present study was to evaluate whether omega-3 supplementation is protective against alcohol use disorder relapse after hospital discharge.MethodsA randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was carried out with severe alcohol dependence. Male inpatients were randomized to treatment with omega-3 (n = 59) or placebo (n = 52) for 3 months, participants were assessed after discharge at 1 month (T1), 2 months (T2), 3 months (T3), and 6 months (T4) with assessments made using self-report instruments. The primary outcomes were the possible reduction with assessments made using self-report instruments. The primary outcomes were the possible reduction in the number, intensity of relapses, amount of consumption in each relapse and number of days of consumption during relapses; as secondary outcomes were assessed symptoms of anxiety, depression, degree of dependence, compulsion, and craving.ResultsThe groups were similar regarding consumption amount parameters and propensity to relapse; however, an effect of treatment with omega-3 was found on the number of days of drinking at 2 months [B = 0.65 (0.09; 1, 21), p = 0.01] and 3 months [B = 2.6 (1.61; 3.58), p < 0.001] after discharge, favoring the intervention group. The effect was not maintained at follow up of 6 months. No differences were found in psychiatric symptoms and severity of addiction.ConclusionDespite the major limitations of the present study, the group that received omega-3 had a lower number of days of consumption of standard doses of alcohol in the evaluations of 60 and 90 days after discharge. More robust studies are needed to confirm or refute these findings. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials: n° RBR-48mkgz7 (URL: https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-48mkgz7).

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“…[1] AD has a high recurrence rate without an effective treatment. [2] However, targeted interventions can play a positive role in preventing relapse based on the investigation and analysis of high-risk factors that cause patients with AD to relapse. [3] AD treatment includes routine treatment and psychological rehabilitation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Group cognitive behavioral therapy as an effective approach for patients with alcohol dependence: A perspective study

Peng¹,

Zhang

Yang³

et al. 2022

Medicine

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Alcohol dependence (AD) syndrome refers to a strong addiction to alcohol and high tolerance physiologically or psychologically, due to the repeated consumption of alcohol-based substances. This study aimed to examine the efficacy of group cognitive behavioral therapy (GCBT) on patients with AD. A total of 128 patients with AD were randomly assigned to the GCBT or control group. Patients in the GCBT group underwent an 8-week GCBT in addition to conventional treatment, and patients in the control group only received conventional treatment. The insight and treatment attitude questionnaire (ITAQ) score, chronic disease selfcognition evaluation score (CDSCES), treatment adherence, and relapse rate at 6 and 12 months were compared among the 2 groups. The ITAQ scores of the GCBT group, after treatment, increased significantly compared to those of the control group (19.69% vs 13.26%, P < .001). The CDSCES in the GCBT group increased significantly compared to those in the control group after treatment (3.98 vs 2.18, P = .001 for problem-solving ability; 8.08 vs 5.08, P = .001 for self-management efficacy; 4.29 vs 3.30, P = .005 for a positive response, and 4.84 vs 3.44, P = .008 for a social function, respectively). After treatment, the percentage of patients with AD with full compliance in the GCBT group was much higher than in the control group (93.8% vs 65.6%, P < .001). Contrastingly, the percentage of patients with AD with partial compliance in the GCBT group was much lower than that in the control group (3.2% vs 34.4%, P < .001). The relapse rate (%) of drinking in patients with AD in the GCBT group was much lower than that in the control group (1.56% vs 21.8%, P = .001 for 6 months and 4.7% vs 51.6%, P < .001 for 12 months). The results suggest that GCBT for 8 weeks is an effective approach for patients with AD, improving problemsolving ability, self-management efficacy, positive response, and social function, leading to increase in treatment compliance, and reducing relapse rate.

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OMEGA-3 Interventions in Alcohol Dependence and Related Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Propositions

Cited by 5 publications

References 44 publications

Effectiveness of dietary interventions in mental health treatment: A rapid review of reviews

Effectiveness of dietary interventions in mental health treatment: A rapid review of reviews

Omega-3 for the Prevention of Alcohol Use Disorder Relapse: A Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Clinical Trial

Group cognitive behavioral therapy as an effective approach for patients with alcohol dependence: A perspective study

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