Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Cancer: Insight into the Mechanism of Actions in Preclinical Cancer Models

Joshi, Asavari; Hegde, Mahabaleshwar V.; Adekar, Sharad P.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-40458-5_12

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…Previous research has linked the preventive effect of sh against breast cancer to its high omega-3 PUFA concentration [16,19]. Omega-3 PUFA may reduce breast cancer risk by downregulating the in ammatory cascade, increasing fatty acid (FA) breakdown while decreasing FA production, causing apoptosis and inhibiting cell proliferation [42,43]. In addition, n-3 PUFA could reduce estrogen synthesis, hence inhibiting estrogen-induced cell proliferation [44,45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish consumption in relation to breast cancer: A case-control study

Akhgarjand,

Fogacci,

Benisi-Kohansal

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: Even though regular fish consumption is highly recommended to reduce the risk of developing several cancers, available evidence on the association between breast cancer and fish is inconclusive. We aimed to explore the association between fish consumption and breast cancer in a well-characterized population of Iranian women. Methods: This study enrolled 350 newly diagnosed stage I-IV breast cancer patients and 700 cancer-free controls living in Isfahan. Controls had no family history of breast cancer and were matched to cancer patients in term of age and socioeconomic status (SES). Dietary intakes were determined using a validated food frequency questionnaire (DS-FFQ). In addition, data on potential confounding factors were collected using pre-tested questionnaires. Results: After adjusting for potential confounders, women in the highest quartile of fish consumption had a lower odds of breast cancer than those in the lowest quartile (OR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.34-0.95). The stratified analysis by menopausal status revealed an inverse association in postmenopausal women (OR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.30-0.94). Conclusions: Our findings suggest higher fish consumption is associated with a lower likelihood of having breast cancer, particularly in post-menopause. The findings should be interpreted with caution due to the case-control study design. To further examine this association, prospective studies are needed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish consumption in relation to breast cancer: A case-control study

Akhgarjand,

Fogacci,

Benisi-Kohansal

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Reports proposing mechanisms by which n-3 PUFA could influence BC risk suggested eicosanoids, n-3 PUFA metabolites, as modulators of cellular processes either by interacting with receptors or by altering signaling pathways. This may result in downregulating the inflammatory cascade, enhancing fatty acid (FA) degradation in association with lowering FA synthesis, and lowering the expression of markers ultimately increasing cell death (56).…”

Section: Fish Marine N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Bcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition in the Prevention of Breast Cancer: A Middle Eastern Perspective

Naja

Nasreddine

Awada

et al. 2019

Front. Public Health

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This paper reviews the escalating burden of breast cancer (BC) in the Middle East (ME) and the prevalence of modifiable risk factors and underscores opportunities to promote the prevention of the disease. Similar to more developed countries, BC is the most frequent cancer among women in countries of the ME, accounting for one-third of total cancer cases and 24% of total cancer deaths. Average age at BC diagnosis appears to be a decade earlier in Middle Eastern countries compared to the Western countries, and its incidence is predicted to further increase. Although incidence rates of BC are still lower in Middle Eastern countries than Western ones, mortality rates are similar and at times even higher. It is estimated that 30% of BC cases are due to environmental and lifestyle factors, such as obesity and diet and hence can be preventable. The ME suffers from surging rates of obesity, with eight of its countries ranking among the highest worldwide in obesity prevalence among adults aged 18 and above. ME countries with the highest prevalence of obesity that are among the top 20 worldwide include United Arab Emirates (UAE), Lebanon, Egypt, Libya, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, and Kuwait with rates ranging from 30% in UAE to 37% in Kuwait. In parallel, studies in the ME have consistently showed a shift in dietary intake whereby traditional diets, rich in fruits and vegetables, are progressively eroding and being replaced by westernized diets high in energy and fat. Accumulating evidence is reporting convincing association between consumption of such westernized diets and higher BC risk. Addressing these risk factors and studying their association with BC in terms of their nature and magnitude in Middle Eastern countries could provide the basis for intervention strategies to lower the risk and alleviate the burden of BC in these countries.

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“…Many studies have shown that docosahexaenoic acid exhibits a time- and concentration-dependent antiproliferative effect on various human cancer cell lines while having minimal cytotoxicity on the normal or non-tumorigenic cells [5,17], cause cell cycle arrest, or even apoptosis and presents synergistic anticancer properties with other drug substances [1,18,19]. Enormous data from cancer cell lines and in vivo cancer models have given insight into the mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of ω-3 PUFAs [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Docosahexaenoic Acid Inhibits Proliferation of EoL-1 Leukemia Cells and Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Cell Differentiation

et al. 2019

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Τhe effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid) upon the proliferation of EoL-1 (Eosinophilic leukemia) cell line was assessed, while additional cellular events during the antiproliferative action were recorded. DHA inhibited EoL-1 cells growth dose-dependently by inducing growth arrest at G0/1 phase of the cell cycle. After DHA addition to the cells, the expression of MYC oncogene was decreased, PTAFR-mRNA overexpression was observed which was used as a marker of differentiation, and PLA2G4A-mRNA increase was recorded. The enzymatic activities of phospholipase A2 (PLA2), a group of hydrolytic enzymes, whose action precedes and leads to PAF biosynthesis through the remodeling pathway, as well as platelet activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAFAH) which hydrolyses and deactivates PAF, were also measured. DHA had an effect on the levels of both the intracellular and secreted activities of PLA2 and PAFAH. The inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α were also detected in high levels. In conclusion, DHA-induced EoL-1 cells differentiation was correlated with downregulation of MYC oncogene, overexpression of PTAFR and PLA2G4A-mRNAs, increase of the inflammatory cytokines production, and alteration of the enzymatic activities that regulate PAF levels. DHA is a natural substance and the understanding of its action on EoL-1 cells on molecular level could be useful in further investigation as a future therapeutic tool against F/P + hypereosinophilic syndrome.

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Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Cancer: Insight into the Mechanism of Actions in Preclinical Cancer Models

Cited by 3 publications

References 95 publications

Fish consumption in relation to breast cancer: A case-control study

Fish consumption in relation to breast cancer: A case-control study

Nutrition in the Prevention of Breast Cancer: A Middle Eastern Perspective

Docosahexaenoic Acid Inhibits Proliferation of EoL-1 Leukemia Cells and Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Cell Differentiation

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