Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Fecundation, Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Politano, Carlos Alberto; López-Berroa, Jorge

doi:10.1055/s-0040-1708090

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…É importante enfatizar a necessidade de uma suplementação adequada de AGPCL n-3 neste momento, a fim de garantir o crescimento adequado e o desenvolvimento neurológico e visual. Devido a um processo conhecido como biomagnificação, que parece ser mediado pela placenta, os AGPCL estão concentrados na circulação e nos tecidos fetais (POLITANO; LÓPEZ-BERROA, 2020;CHRISTIFANO et al, 2023).…”

Section: Bases Teóricasunclassified

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Ingestão De Ácidos Graxos Poli-Insaturados Ômega-3 Na Gestação E Suas Contribuições Para O Neurodesenvolvimento Fetal

Da Silva,

Rodrigues

2023

COGNITIONIS

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Os ácidos graxos poli-insaturados de cadeia longa (AGPCL), são elementos fundamentais na regulação das vias metabólicas e no neurodesenvolvimento fetal, especialmente os do tipo ômega-3 (n-3). As estruturas lipídicas que compõem as membranas celulares desempenham um papel crucial na biossíntese de moléculas bioativas que regulam diversas vias de sinalização. Consequentemente, a presente análise bibliográfica teve como propósito abordar os benefícios dos AGPCL n-3 no neurodesenvolvimento fetal. As referências foram provenientes dos artigos publicados entre os anos de 2018 e 2023, indexados na National Center for Biotechnology Information. Foi constatado que a ingestão de alimentos contendo AGPCL n-3 e/ou a suplementação do ácido docosaexaenoico (DHA) e ácido eicosapentaenoico (EPA) pode ser considerada segura e eficaz na prevenção do parto prematuro, bem como no asseguramento de um desenvolvimento cerebral, visual e cognitivo adequados. Os AGPCL n-3, desempenham um papel preponderante na diferenciação celular, na síntese de hemoglobina, no transporte de oxigênio e na mineralização. A fim de obter os benefícios clínicos do DHA, várias instituições de renome no campo da saúde recomendam a ingestão diária de 200mg de DHA/EPA durante o período gestacional. É imprescindível a realização de pesquisas adicionais a fim de elucidar os mecanismos subjacentes aos AGPCL n-3 na gestação e seus efeitos na prevenção de patologias, bem como suas aplicações farmacoterapêuticas. Logo, uma dieta balanceada para mulheres grávidas e lactantes deve incluir o suprimento adequado de ácidos graxos n-3.

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Section: Bases Teóricasunclassified

“…As Diretrizes Dietéticas para Americanos recomendam ~250-375mg de DHA/EPA por dia. Até 95% das mulheres em idade reprodutiva e grávidas não atendem essas recomendações para ingestão de DHA/EPA (MONTHÉ-DRÈZE et al, 2018;DEVARSHI et al, 2019;POLITANO;RODRIGUES et al, 2023).…”

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Ingestão De Ácidos Graxos Poli-Insaturados Ômega-3 Na Gestação E Suas Contribuições Para O Neurodesenvolvimento Fetal

Da Silva,

Rodrigues

2023

COGNITIONIS

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“…The provision of adequate energy, as well as micro- and macronutrients to support pregnancy, is significantly important. Of particular importance are iron, iodine, calcium, magnesium, and potassium [ 2 ], as well as folic acid, vitamin D3, B vitamins, and omega-3 fatty acids, the supplementation of which is essential [ 3 , 4 ]. Pregnancy adaptations take place on many levels and involve changes in the anatomical and functional system both within isolated organs and the whole body.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Selected Eicosanoids in Normal and Pathological Pregnancies

Szczuko,

Golańska,

Palma

et al. 2023

JCM

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Background: Pregnancy is a physiological state in which the female body undergoes a series of changes and adaptations to provide the best possible conditions for the growth and development of the forming baby. The internal adaptations that take place lead to the production of inflammation, which is necessary for the initial and final stages of pregnancy (embryo implantation and induction of labor). Gestational diabetes mellitus is considered to be the most common pathology during this period. However, many more serious health complications can arise, which include pre-eclampsia, fetal stunting, and preterm labor. The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of the levels of individual eicosanoids on the course of normal pregnancy and the possibility of pathologies including gestational diabetes and pre-eclampsia. Methods: Sixty-nine pregnant women who were overweight or obese before and during pregnancy were studied. Eicosanoids were extracted as appropriate and then determined using liquid chromatography. The levels of eicosanoids studied in pregnant women differed not only according to the week of pregnancy but also in relation to individual anthropometric and biochemical parameters. Results: There was a significant correlation between being overweight and having a high BMI before pregnancy—as well as biochemical parameters of lipid and carbohydrate profiles—and the occurrence of pathological conditions in pregnancy. Conclusions: Eicosanoids are involved in the pathology of pregnancy associated with the occurrence of gestational diabetes and pre-eclampsia. Salicylic acid may find use in the treatment of pregnant women exposed to both phenomena, as well as in overweight and obese women found before pregnancy. Diets rich in natural salicylates, methods of administration, and pharmacotherapy and dosage need further study. Some of the mediators (lipoxin, prostaglandin and leucotrien) may be new diagnostic markers in pregnancy pathology and intervention pathways in the future.

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“…Long chain PUFAs (LC-PUFAs), such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n-3), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3), and arachidonic acid (AA; 20:4n-6), are synthesized from ALA and LA, though they can also be acquired from the diet. These LC-PUFAs are lipid mediators of critical importance in early development stages [ 5 , 6 ] and throughout the life course [ 7 ]. AA and EPA compete for the same conversion enzymes and are involved in similar processes [ 8 ] which give rise to derivatives with opposing health effects [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Placental AA/EPA Ratio Is Associated with Obesity Risk Parameters in the Offspring at 6 Years of Age

Gómez-Vilarrubla

Mas-Parés

Carreras‐Badosa

et al. 2023

IJMS

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During pregnancy, maternal polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are transferred to the fetus through the placenta by specific FA transporters (FATP). A higher perinatal exposure to n-6 over n-3 PUFA could be linked to excess fat mass and obesity development later in life. In this context, we aimed to assess the associations between long chain PUFAs (LC-PUFAs) (n-6, n-3, and n-6/n-3 ratios) measured in the placenta at term birth with obesity-related parameters in the offspring at 6 years of age and assess whether these associations are dependent on the placental relative expression of fatty acid transporters. As results, the PUFAn-6/PUFAn-3 ratio was 4/1, which scaled up to 15/1 when considering only the arachidonic acid/eicosapentaenoic acid ratio (AA/EPA ratio). Positive associations between the AA/EPA ratio and offspring’s obesity risk parameters were found with weight-SDS, BMI-SDS, percent fat mass-SDS, visceral fat, and HOMA-IR (r from 0.204 to 0.375; all p < 0.05). These associations were more noticeable in those subjects with higher expression of fatty acid transporters. Therefore, in conclusion, a higher placental AA/EPA ratio is positively associated with offspring’s visceral adiposity and obesity risk parameters, which become more apparent in subjects with higher expressions of placental FATPs. Our results support the potential role of n-6 and n-3 LC-PUFA in the fetal programming of obesity risk in childhood. For the present study, 113 healthy pregnant women were recruited during the first trimester of pregnancy and their offspring were followed up at 6 years of age. The fatty acid profiles and the expression of fatty acid transporters (FATP1 and FATP4) were analyzed from placental samples at birth. Associations between LC-PUFA (n-6, n-3, and n-6/n-3 ratios) and obesity risk parameters (weight, body mass index (BMI), percent fat mass, visceral fat, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)) in the offspring at 6 years of age were examined.

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Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Fecundation, Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Cited by 3 publications

References 20 publications

Ingestão De Ácidos Graxos Poli-Insaturados Ômega-3 Na Gestação E Suas Contribuições Para O Neurodesenvolvimento Fetal

Ingestão De Ácidos Graxos Poli-Insaturados Ômega-3 Na Gestação E Suas Contribuições Para O Neurodesenvolvimento Fetal

Impact of Selected Eicosanoids in Normal and Pathological Pregnancies

Placental AA/EPA Ratio Is Associated with Obesity Risk Parameters in the Offspring at 6 Years of Age

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