Oman and the World: The Emergence of an Independent Foreign Policy

Kéchichian, Joseph A.

doi:10.7249/mr680

Cited by 34 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…During this era, Oman was named Majan 'Copper Mountain'. The Persians colonized the coastal region of Majan during these times and consequently, they spread their influence on the commerce and cultural life in the region [1]. Omanis of that time established trade relationships with Africa, India, and China.…”

Section: The Process Of Urban Development In Omanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Development in Oman: An Overview

Benkari

2017

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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During the past two decades, the Gulf countries have experienced the most rapid urban growth in the world. The traditional societies in this region have been guilelessly opened on the market economy and western lifestyle. In spite the progress realized at many levels, these societies became victims of its consumerist style. This article aims to present an overview of the urban development in Oman since it started its 'modernization'. This study is not only interested in how the country has been developing since its "renaissance" in the 1970s, but also how does this development appear, compared to its traits in the neighboring Gulf countries. Based on the assumption that urban research is a tool of analysis that can enlighten future decisions and actions in the domain of urban development, this study is also a critical review of the published research about the urbanization in Oman since the 1970s. This research showed that, although it shares several aspects with what the other Gulf cities have witnessed, urbanization in Oman was slower, less drastic and relatively more controlled. The scrutiny of the published research on this topic also revealed that the urban studies about Oman, and the GCC countries in general, were insignificant before the rise of leading cities such as Dubai, then Doha, to the international scene. It concluded that even if these urban studies have progressively broadened in their topics, disciplines and case studies, their effect on the new orientations chosen for the future developments in these countries remains negligible.

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Section: The Process Of Urban Development In Omanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Development in Oman: An Overview

Benkari

2017

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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“…larger, better equipped and coordinated, and serious armed forces' than being reliant on other GCC states, particularly during a period when new security challenges were emerging which required expertise in areas such as counter-terrorism operations. 43 US military strength in the GCC compared to the GCC's own military strength was stark. The United States had forward bases in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, the UAE, Qatar, Oman and Bahrain, and in 2003 had, ironically, about 100,000 troops stationed in the region (including army, navy, air force and those at sea in the Gulf).…”

Section: Post 2000: the Effect Of Us Middle East Policy On Gcc Decisimentioning

confidence: 94%

The Omani Pursuit of a Large Peninsula Shield Force: A Case Study of a Small State's Search for Security

Mason¹

2014

British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies

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“…The only state British commanders considered both willing and able to furnish substantial resources was Iran, whose Shah felt threatened by communist inroads in Arabia. 68 However, the British Foreign Office opposed introducing Iranian troops into Oman because Iran held longstanding territorial disputes with Gulf monarchies allied with the United Kingdom, had recently seized islands from its neighbors, and was suspected of holding hegemonic designs over the region. 69 Despite opposition from diplomats, British officers actively pursued obtaining Iranian troops through military-to-military discussions and by coaxing Qaboos into directly approaching the shah.…”

Section: The British Army In Oman 1965-75mentioning

confidence: 99%

Institutions, Organizational Culture, and Counterinsurgency Operations: Why Do States Fight Similar Insurgencies Differently?

DeVore

2013

Comparative Strategy

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This article expands our understanding of how states respond militarily to threats and challenges by examining how organizational culture and institutional policymaking structures shape states' use of force. To evaluate the explanatory power of culture and institutions, I analyze the effect of each variable on how the United Kingdom and France conduct counterinsurgency operations. To preview the conclusions, although both organizational culture and institutional structures provide insights into how states fight insurgencies, institutional structures are much more decisive in shaping outcomes. In states where policymaking institutions promote maximal political control of the armed forces, the result will be strategic satisficing, whereby restricted force is surgically employed, along with diplomacy, to achieve the state's limited goals while minimizing the risks of casualties and/or escalation. Contrarily, in states where institutions accord operational autonomy to the armed forces, commanders will pursue their preference for decisive military victory by applying overwhelming force and conducting operations that risk escalating conflicts. In contrast to institutions, organizational culture plays a more modest role, limited to shaping how military leaders initially conceptualize the challenges they face and the techniques they employ at the tactical level. Thus, institutional structures, rather than organizational culture, offer a more convincing argument for why similar states, facing comparable challenges, use force in systematically different ways.

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Oman and the World: The Emergence of an Independent Foreign Policy

Cited by 34 publications

References 0 publications

Urban Development in Oman: An Overview

Urban Development in Oman: An Overview

The Omani Pursuit of a Large Peninsula Shield Force: A Case Study of a Small State's Search for Security

Institutions, Organizational Culture, and Counterinsurgency Operations: Why Do States Fight Similar Insurgencies Differently?

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