Olympisme et guerre froide. Du paradigme réaliste au paradigme culturel

Abstract

À la fin des années 1980, l’historiographie de l’olympisme a été marquée par un passage de l’approche réaliste, qui envisageait l’olympisme comme un outil ou un miroir des relations internationales, vers la grille de lecture culturelle croisant études visuelles, du genre et du global South. Le rôle des néo-conservateurs américains dans les boycotts des Jeux de Moscou et de Los Angeles ou les batailles que se livrent les deux Grands autour du dopage et de l’anti-dopage, sont particulièrement mis en avant. La question de l’indépendance du CIO est également posée.

Facing the Involvement of Youths in Competitions: Soviet Visions and Adaptations to the Rejuvenation of Elite Sports (Second Half of the 20th Century)

“…They selected epic “battles” in pools and on pitches, popularized some of the most iconic sports personalities (e.g., Nadia Comaneci), and contributed to shaping a triumphalist Cold War narrative (Mellis, 2019 ). Sports were for a long time largely absent from mainstream Cold War historiography, apart from mega-events, symbolic battles or climatic moments like the boycotts, reinforcing the US-USSR rivalry and producing what military history called combat history (“histoire-bataille”) (Edelman, 2019 ; Clastres, 2020 ; Vonnard and Marston, 2020 ). Recent works on Cold War sports, based on new archival materials, have explored new paths and shown how relevant sport can be to analyze the Global Cold War.…”

Sport at the World Festival of Youth and Students: Between Olympic Ideals and Socialist Internationalism

“…Finally, the Festival sports events inevitably embed in “sports diplomacy” as they participate in the Soviet foreign relations in this field. The literature review by Clastres ( 2020 ) underlines that the recent scholarship invites to reassess the contribution of sports to the international relations, both in link with Realpolitik and soft power 14 .…”