Olive ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea) laying eggs habitat mapping in Penimbangan Beach, Bali Island

Abstract

Penimbangan beach is one of the tourist destinations located in Buleleng Regency, Bali Province, Indonesia. This beach is also a nesting place for one of the sea turtle species in Indonesia, which is olive ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea). The problem that exists on the island of Bali today is most of the land in coastal areas were experienced land degradation. This land degradation occurs due to human activities or natural factors, it harms the turtle nesting habitat around the coastal area of Bali Island. Conservation of nesting turtle habitat is needed through spatial analysis using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). This study uses the parameters of sand particle, beach slope, width beach, humidity, and temperature parameter to determine the suitability of the turtle nesting habitat. Penimbangan beach area which is very suitable for turtle nesting locations has an area of 163,45 m2, suitable for laying eggs 4.886,44 m2, and not suitable for laying eggs 10.201,64 m2. The map of the suitability for laying turtle eggs is dominated by areas that are not suitable because the width of the beach is not too long and the humidity is still relatively high.

The first occurrence of Kemp’s Ridley turtle (Lepidochelys kempii) in Raja Ampat, Indonesia

“…Five of the seven species of sea turtles were reported to lay eggs in several coastal areas in Indonesia, including the Green sea turtle on Pangumbahan Beach, Sukabumi (Gifari et al 2018;Adiluhung et al 2021), and Piai Island, Raja Ampat District (Tapilatu and Ballamu 2015), the Hawksbill sea turtle on the beach of Kepayang Island, Belitung-Indonesia (Harahap et al 2020), Olive ridley turtle on Bantul beach (Budiantoro et al 2019), in Penimbangan Beach, Bali Island. (Natih et al 2021), and Leatherback turtle on Mushroomsba Medi and Wermon Beaches, Tambrauw (Tapilatu et al 2013), Loggerhead turtle on South Java and Bali beach (Kot et al 2023). While the Flatback and Kemp's Ridley turtles had never been found laying eggs in Indonesia.…”

Egg Laying Characteristics and Hatching Habitat of Lekang Turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea) in Binasi Beach Turtle Conservation Area, Central Tapanuli North Sumatera Province

“…Bahwa lebar pantai yang dijadikan tempat peneluran penyu yaitu pada stasiun 1 adalah 16,8 m dan stasiun 2 adalah 13,2 m, berdasarkan lebar pantai belum mempengaruhi aksesibilitas penyu yang tidak dipengaruhi pasang surut. Lebar pantai yang dapat dijadikan tempat peneluran peyu berkisar antara 20-80 m daerah supratidal yang kering dan tidak terpengaruh oleh pasang surut, memudahkan penyu untuk membuat sarang (Natih et al, 2021). Kemiringan pantai pada stasiun 1 dan 2 berbeda sedikit dengan kemiringan sedikit landai yaitu termasuk kategori sesuai sebagai tempat peneluran, hal ini sesuai dengan Rofiah et al, (2012) bahwa kemiringan pantai tempat peneluran penyu yaitu 3-8% disebut kemiringan sedikit dengan kategori sesuai, sedangkan dengan kemiringan 8-16% termasuk kategori sangat cocok untuk peneluran penyu.…”

“…Perbedaan kemiringan pantai pada jam 09.00, 17.00 dan 01.00 dipengaruhi oleh tinggi pasang surut air laut. Suhu pasir dilokasi penemuan telur stasiun 1 dan 2 adalah 28 0 C, berdasarkan penelitian Natih et al, (2021) bahwa suhu sarang tempat bertelur penyu yang baik antara 25 0 C sampai 33 0 C, semakin tinggi persentase suhunya antara 28 0 C sampai 32 0 C maka semakin baik untuk perkembangan embrio telur penyu. Karakteristik biologi yang diukur meliputi jenis vegetasi tumbuhan dan jenis hewan predator.…”

Threats and Vulnerabilities for the Globally Distributed Olive Ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea) Sea Turtle: A Historical and Current Status Evaluation

“…There are currently at least five main sites producing more than 100,000 nests per year, and 8–15 minor sites producing 10,000–100,000 nests per year [ 5 ] around the world (see Figure 1 ). The Pacific coasts of Mexico and Central America, the Atlantic coasts of South America, the west coast of Africa, and the South and Southeast coast of Asia all have beaches that house hundreds to thousands of nests per year [ 43 , 44 ]. However, the main arribada nesting areas are located on the Pacific coast of Mexico, in Costa Rica, and in northeast India [ 45 , 46 , 47 ].…”