Olive (Olea europaea L.)

Rugini, Eddo; Mencuccini, M.; Biasi, R.; Altamura, Maria Maddalena

doi:10.1007/1-4020-2985-3_27

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…When tissues taken from zygotic embryos were used as initial explants to induce SE, high efficiency was achieved in the conversion process [26,28,30,31,55]. Leva et al [26] and Rugini et al [75] described the direct conversion of somatic embryos without the need of an intermediate stage of maturation. As mentioned by Sanchéz-Romero [33], the conversion of olive somatic embryos into plants did not meet rigorous maturation requirements.…”

Section: Embryo Conversion and Plant Acclimatizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Somatic Embryogenesis from Mature Embryos of Olea europaea L. cv. ‘Galega Vulgar’ and Long-Term Management of Calli Morphogenic Capacity

Pires

Cardoso

Ribeiro

et al. 2020

Plants

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Several olive cultivars, characterized by high-quality olive oil show agronomical issues such as excessive vigor, high susceptibility to biotic and abiotic stresses, and low propagation ability. They are strong candidates for breeding based on new technologies to improve their performance in a short period of time. For this reason, the first step is developing efficient somatic embryogenesis (SE) protocols. Somatic embryogenesis in olive is highly genotype-dependent for both adult tissues and mature embryos as initial explants, requiring the development of specific protocols for each genotype. Trials using cotyledons and radicles as initial explants, isolated from ripe seeds from the Portuguese olive cv. ‘Galega vulgar’, gave more than 95% calli development. Radicles proved to be the most responsive tissue for SE induction, with an average of 2 embryos per callus after callus transfer to expression medium, and 14 embryos per callus after subculture on the olive cyclic embryogenesis medium (ECO). Embryogenic competence could be recovered after several subcultures on ECO medium that maintained cyclic embryogenesis for an indeterminate period of time. Embryo conversion and plant acclimatization were also attained with high success rates. Media management for cyclic embryogenesis maintenance is of general importance for SE protocols in any olive genotype. Somatic embryogenesis was thus attained for the first time in embryo-derived explants of cv. ‘Galega vulgar’.

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Section: Embryo Conversion and Plant Acclimatizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Somatic Embryogenesis from Mature Embryos of Olea europaea L. cv. ‘Galega Vulgar’ and Long-Term Management of Calli Morphogenic Capacity

Pires

Cardoso

Ribeiro

et al. 2020

Plants

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“…Generally, explants are incubated in darkness for embryogenic induction. The maturation and conversion of SE are the main bottleneck in olive due to the low number of SE converted into plants [39,40]. Few reports have addressed SE maturation in olive.…”

Section: Somatic Embryogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Olive (Olea europaea L.) Genetic Transformation: Current Status and Future Prospects

Palomo-Ríos

Narváez

Pliego‐Alfaro

et al. 2021

Genes

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Olive (Olea europaea L.) is the most characteristic and important oil crop of the Mediterranean region. Traditional olive cultivation is based on few tens cultivars of ancient origin. To improve this crop, novel selections with higher tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress, adaptable to high-density planting systems and resilient to climate change are needed; however, breeding programs are hindered by the long juvenile period of this species and few improved genotypes have been released so far. Genetic transformation could be of great value, in the near future, to develop new varieties or rootstocks in a shorter time; in addition, it has currently become an essential tool for functional genomic studies. The recalcitrance of olive tissues to their in vitro manipulation has been the main bottleneck in the development of genetic transformation procedures in this species; however, some important traits such as fungal resistance, flowering or lipid composition have successfully been manipulated through the genetic transformation of somatic embryos of juvenile or adult origin, providing a proof of the potential role that this technology could have in olive improvement. However, the optimization of these protocols for explants of adult origin is a prerequisite to obtain useful materials for the olive industry. In this review, initially, factors affecting plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis are discussed. Subsequently, the different transformation approaches explored in olive are reviewed. Finally, transgenic experiments with genes of interest undertaken to manipulate selected traits are discussed.

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“…Numerous somatic embryos easily develop with the ability to produce cyclic somatic embryogenesis from the epidermis or from subepidermal layer. The cyclic somatic embryogenesis (represented by normal and abnormal embryos) can be maintained indefinitely even in hormone-free medium, and some can also germinate (Figure 3) Lambardi et al, 1999;Benelli et al, 2000;Rugini et al, 2005). The conversion of normal embryos into plants is difficult; however, they in the field show juvenility with a retardation of blossom 3-4 years later than micropropagated plants by axillary bud stimulation.…”

Section: Somatic Embryogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Olive

Rugini

Gutiérrez-Pesce

Muleo

2008

Compendium of Transgenic Crop Plants

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Biochemical and molecular procedures have been developed for olive genotyping, for taxonomy between cultivated and wild olives, for phylogenetic studies of cultivars, and for identification of usable markers linked to the most important agronomic traits, such as size of the tree, flowering induction, apical dominance, productivity, self‐fertility, quantity and quality of oil and secondary products of fruit, biotic and abiotic resistance. These characters could be introgressed into cultivars by conventional breeding or through transgeny. Successful results by classical breeding are difficult to obtain due to the different flower fertility and the long juvenile period of the progenies. The low efficiency of modern genetic improvement techniques suggests that genetic transformation techniques could speed up the development of new genotypes; however, the development of efficient regeneration methods from mature tissue is the limiting factor for applying this technology, in olive. Transgenic olive plants with modified growth habit and putative induced disease resistance are under filed conditions to test their phenotype. Other attempts of genetic improvement such as clonal selection, mutation through γ‐irradiation, protoplast technology, haploid, changes in ploidy level, somaclonal variation, and somatic hybridization are discussed and reviewed.

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Olive (Olea europaea L.)

Cited by 30 publications

References 18 publications

Somatic Embryogenesis from Mature Embryos of Olea europaea L. cv. ‘Galega Vulgar’ and Long-Term Management of Calli Morphogenic Capacity

Somatic Embryogenesis from Mature Embryos of Olea europaea L. cv. ‘Galega Vulgar’ and Long-Term Management of Calli Morphogenic Capacity

Olive (Olea europaea L.) Genetic Transformation: Current Status and Future Prospects

Olive

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