Olive oil supplementation prevents extracellular matrix deposition and reduces prooxidant markers and apoptosis in the offspring´s heart of diabetic rats

Intrauterine Programming of Cardiovascular Diseases in Maternal Diabetes

“…Regarding maternal treatments that have an impact in modulating the pro-oxidant intrauterine environment, at our lab, we observed that a maternal treatment with an olive oil-supplemented diet administered during pregnancy was able to prevent the increased pro-oxidant markers as well as apoptosis in the heart of 21-day-old offspring of diabetic rats ( Roberti et al, 2020 ). At our laboratory, we have also evaluated a maternal treatment with the mitochondrial antioxidant idebenone in a model of mild diabetes during pregnancy to address the role of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in the programming of cardiac alterations and observed that this treatment prevents the increase in markers of oxidative damage in the heart of offspring from diabetic rats at a prepubertal stage ( Higa et al, 2017 ).…”

“…Interestingly, alterations in these markers of ECM remodeling persist and are sex-dependent at a prepubertal stage of development. At 21 days old, only males show an increased expression of MMP-9, possibly related to increased markers of pro-oxidant/proinflammatory processes, which are observed only in the heart of male fetuses and 21-day-old male offspring (Kurtz et al, 2014;Higa et al, 2017;Roberti et al, 2020). Indeed, the stimulation of several fibrogenic pathways by diabetes is related to the generation of reactive oxygen species and the induction of secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines (Tuleta and Frangogiannis, 2021).…”

“…Indeed, the stimulation of several fibrogenic pathways by diabetes is related to the generation of reactive oxygen species and the induction of secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines (Tuleta and Frangogiannis, 2021). Moreover, maternal treatment with an olive oil-supplemented diet administered during pregnancy, which has been found to prevent cardiac pro-oxidant/ proinflammatory processes in the offspring, is also able to prevent the increased expression of CTGF and deposition of collagen IV and fibronectin in the heart of 21-day-old offspring of diabetic rats (Roberti et al, 2020). FoxO1 is a TGFβ-1 downstream crucial player in cardiac fibroblast conversion into cardiac myofibroblasts, which, under pathological conditions such as diabetes mellitus, synthesizes and secretes high amounts of ECM proteins (Vivar et al, 2021).…”

Potensi Manfaat Kardioprotektif dari Minyak Zaitun

“…Oleh karena itu, penambahan EVOO yang diperkaya ke dalam makanan dapat menjadi alat yang berguna melawan tekanan darah tinggi dan kadar kolesterol plasma, yang merupakan dua faktor risiko penyakit kardiovaskular vazques (2019). Sejalan dengan penelitian sebelumnya, Roberti et al (2020) juga menemukan efek yang berpengaruh dari pola makan induk tikus yang diperkaya dengan minyak zaitun pada pencegahan peningkatan deposisi matriks ekstraseluler dan peningkatan penanda prooksidan di jantung keturunan tikus diabetes berusia 21 hari (p<0.001) (Roberti et al, 2020).…”

“…Hal ini dapat dilihat ketika diabetes yang menginduksi apoptosis kardiomiosit, asam oleat mampu untuk melindungi sel otot polos pembuluh darah dari apoptosis yang diinduksi oleh mediator prooksidant / proinflamasi. Karena apoptosis jantung diyakini memainkan peran kausal dalam penyakit jantung sehingga pola makan yang diperkaya minyak zaitun untuk mengurangi apoptosis pada jantung mungkin relevan (Roberti et al, 2020).…”