Olive Genetic Resources

Belaj, Angjelina; Veral, Melek Gurbuz; Sikaoui, Hassane; Moukhli, Abdelmajid; Khadari, Bouchaïb; Mariotti, Roberto; Baldoni, Luciana

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-48887-5_3

Cited by 19 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 179 publications

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“…There are plenty of olive germplasm, represented by a high number of cultivars and unknown accessions (Díez et al, 2015;Mousavi et al, 2017;Belaj et al, 2018;Sion et al, 2019). The rich diversity of this species is a consequence of its allogamous nature, a remarkable tree longevity, multiple domestication events such as crosses among cultivars and local selection, as well as a lack of turnover with new breeding genotypes (Díez et al, 2015;Belaj et al, 2016;Besnard, Terral & Cornille, 2018). Since this rich germplasm represents a source of valuable traits, the identification and characterization of olive cultivars and unknown accessions is firstly required for better exploiting and protecting olive resources as well as designing breeding programs (Boucheffa et al, 2017;Cultrera et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The newly developed genomic-SSR markers uncover the genetic characteristics and relationships of olive accessions

Cui

Pang

et al. 2020

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Background Olive (Olea europaea L.) is an important oil and fruit crop worldwide, owning a rich germplasm with a large number of cultivars. Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are excellent markers and have been used for the identification of olive cultivars. However, the limited number of SSR markers and the occurrence of confusion on the names of cultivars, as well as the possible appearance of clonal variation make it difficult to identify cultivars and interpret relationships among olive cultivars. Method SSR markers were designed based on trinucleotide repeat sequences by screening the whole genome of olive, and the polymorphic SSR markers were developed that were applied to the identification of 53 olive accessions. The genetic characteristics and relationships of these olive accessions were evaluated based on the developed SSR markers. Results Twenty-one highly polymorphic genomic-SSR markers were developed, covering most chromosomes of olive. These SSR markers could well distinguish all 53 olive accessions, confirming their effectiveness. DNA fingerprints of the 53 olive accessions were constructed based on the 21 SSR markers. The dendrogram clearly divided the tested accessions into two main groups, which was also supported by the results of principal coordinate analysis. A total of 31 private alleles were detected in 15 olive accessions, which reflected the genetic diversity within 53 olive accessions to some extent. Six homonymy cases were also clarified by genetic analysis. These results suggest that the newly developed olive SSR markers are informative for the exploitation, preservation and breeding of olive.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The newly developed genomic-SSR markers uncover the genetic characteristics and relationships of olive accessions

Cui

Pang

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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“…Olive, the iconic Mediterranean fruit tree species, owns a very rich genetic patrimony, represented by a very high number of cultivars, wild trees and related subspecies. The reasons leading to such a high genetic variability are mainly related to its allogamous nature, a lack of turnover with modern cultivars, a remarkable tree longevity and a good capacity to survive without cultivation ( Baldoni and Belaj, 2009 ; Beghè et al, 2011 ; Belaj et al, 2016 ). Each country or region of the Mediterranean Basin and beyond, characterized by a wide range of environments and growing systems, has maintained its own local and traditional cultivars ( Barranco and Rallo, 2000 ; Marra et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays, the cultivated germplasm is estimated to include more than 1,200 clonally propagated cultivars, that are still under cultivation or have been collected, propagated and conserved in over 100 ex situ field collections ( Bartolini, 2008 ), with the aim to protect the olive genetic patrimony of all olive growing countries and to ensure conservation against potential risks of extinction. National and international collections represent essential tools to avoid or minimize the loss of traditional local cultivars and to use for any future breeding program ( Caballero et al, 2006 ; Belaj et al, 2016 ). In this sense, three World Olive Germplasm Banks (WOGB) were established in Córdoba (Spain), Marrakech (Morocco), and Izmir (Turkey), aimed at acquiring, maintaining, evaluating, and making accessible as much genetic diversity of the species as possible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The management of germplasm collections represents a complex task, due either to the above mentioned high variability of the olive germplasm, as well as to the scattered and partial identification and characterisation of olive cultivars and to the confusion on their denominations ( Belaj et al, 2004b , 2016 ; Baldoni et al, 2009 ; Haouane et al, 2011 ; Mousavi et al, 2017b ). A functional olive germplasm collection requires an efficient strategy to incorporate new accessions, while ensuring homogeneity and authenticity of cultivars, discarding, or reducing to minimum redundant genotypes ( Belaj et al, 2003a ; Atienza et al, 2013 ; Trujillo et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Usefulness of a New Large Set of High Throughput EST-SNP Markers as a Tool for Olive Germplasm Collection Management

et al. 2018

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Germplasm collections are basic tools for conservation, characterization, and efficient use of olive genetic resources. The identification of the olive cultivars maintained in the collections is an important ongoing task which has been performed by both, morphological and molecular markers. In the present study, based on the sequencing results of previous genomic projects, a new set of 1,043 EST-SNP markers has been identified. In order to evaluate its discrimination capacity and utility in diversity studies, this set of markers was used in a representative number of accessions from 20 different olive growing countries and maintained at the World Olive Germplasm Collection of IFAPA Centre ‘Alameda del Obispo’ (Córdoba, Spain), one of the world’s largest olive germplasm bank. Thus, the cultivated material included: cultivars belonging to previously defined core collections by means of SSR markers and agronomical traits, well known homonymy cases, possible redundancies previously identified in the collection, and recently introduced accessions. Marker stability was tested in repeated analyses of a selected number of accessions, as well as in different trees and accessions belonging to the same cultivar. In addition, 15 genotypes from a cross ‘Picual’ × ‘Arbequina’ cultivars from the IFAPA olive breeding program and a set of 89 wild genotypes were also included in the study. Our results indicate that, despite their relatively wide variability, the new set of EST-SNPs displayed lower levels of genetic diversity than SSRs in the set of olive core collections tested. However, the EST-SNP markers displayed consistent and reliable results from different plant material sources and plant propagation events. The EST-SNPs revealed a clear cut off between inter- and intra-cultivar variation in olive. Besides, they were able to reliably discriminate among different accessions, to detect possible homonymy cases as well as efficiently ascertain the presence of redundant germplasm in the collection. Additionally, these markers were highly transferable to the wild genotypes. These results, together with the low genotyping error rates and the easy and fully automated procedure used to get the genotyping data, validate the new set of EST-SNPs as possible markers of choice for olive cultivar identification.

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“…Plant material. The wild olive genotypes and the related subspecies were obtained from the ex situ wild repository established at IFAPA Centre "Alameda del Obispo" (Belaj et al 2016;León et al 2018), Córdoba, while the olive cultivars (Table 1) came from the World Olive Germplasm Collection of IFAPA (WOGC) which is also maintained at the same research centre (Belaj et al 2016). While both the wild and the cultivated genotypes are represented by two-three trees per genotype in their respective collections, the plant material utilized and further vegetatively propagated by semihardwood cuttings, was obtained from one and always the same tree.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Phytopathological Reaction of Wild and Cultivated Olives as a Means of Finding Promising New Sources of Genetic Diversity for Resistance to Root-Knot Nematodes

et al. 2019

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Olive (Olea europaea L.) is one of the most important fruit crops in the Mediterranean Basin, because it occupies significant acreage in these countries and often has important cultural heritage and landscape value. This crop can be infected by several Meloidogyne species (M. javanica, M. arenaria, and M. incognita, among others), and only a few cultivars with some level of resistance to these nematodes have been found. Innovations in intensive olive growing using high planting densities, irrigation, and substantial amounts of fertilizers could increase the nematode population to further damaging levels. To further understand the interactions involved between olive and pathogenic nematodes and in the hope of finding solutions to the agricultural risks, this research aimed to determine the reaction of important olive cultivars in Spain and wild olives to M. javanica infection, including genotypes of the same and other O. europaea subspecies. All olive cultivars tested were good hosts for M. javanica, but high levels of nematode reproduction found in three cultivars (Gordal Sevillana, Hojiblanca, and Manzanilla de Sevilla) were substantially different. In the wild accessions, O. europaea subsp. cerasiformis (genotype W147) and O. europaea subsp. europaea var. sylvestris (genotype W224) were resistant to M. javanica at different levels, with strong resistance in W147 (reproduction factor [Rf] = 0.0003) and moderate resistance in W224 (Rf = 0.79). The defense reaction of W147 to M. javanica showed a strong increase of phenolic compounds but no hypersensitive reaction.

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Olive Genetic Resources

Cited by 19 publications

References 179 publications

The newly developed genomic-SSR markers uncover the genetic characteristics and relationships of olive accessions

The newly developed genomic-SSR markers uncover the genetic characteristics and relationships of olive accessions

Usefulness of a New Large Set of High Throughput EST-SNP Markers as a Tool for Olive Germplasm Collection Management

Evaluation of the Phytopathological Reaction of Wild and Cultivated Olives as a Means of Finding Promising New Sources of Genetic Diversity for Resistance to Root-Knot Nematodes

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