Olive Fruit and Leaf Wastes as Bioactive Ingredients for Cosmetics—A Preliminary Study

Abstract

Olea europaea cultivar, native in the Mediterranean basin, has expanded worldwide, mainly due to the olive oil industry. This expansion is attributed to the benefits of olive oil consumption, since this product is rich in nutritional and bioactive compounds. However, the olive industry generates high amounts of wastes, which could be related to polluting effects on soil and water. To minimize the environmental impact, different strategies of revalorization have been proposed. In this sense, the aim of this work was to develop high cosmetic value added oleuropein-enriched extracts (O20 and O30), a bioactive compound from olive byproducts, performing a comprehensive characterization using high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and evaluate their bioactivity by in vitro assays. A total of 49 compounds were detected, with oleuropein and its derivatives widely found in O30 extract, whereas iridoids were mainly detected in O20 extract. Moreover, 10 compounds were detected for the first time in olive leaves. Both extracts demonstrated strong antioxidant and antiradical activities, although O30 showed higher values. In addition, radical oxygen and nitrogen species scavenging and enzyme inhibition values were higher in O30, with the exception of HOCl and hyaluronidase inhibition assays. Regarding cell viability, olive byproduct extracts did not lead to a decrease in keratinocytes viability until 100 µg/mL. All data reported by the present study reflect the potential of industrial byproducts as cosmetic ingredients.

Recovery of Bioactive Compounds from Industrial Exhausted Olive Pomace through Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction

“…The values of TPC are comparable to that of olive tree biomasses [11,30,40], including commercial olive leaves, e.g., the phenolic content ranged between 20.6 and 108 mg/g dry biomass. Olive leaves are currently used to obtain marketable functional extracts (powdered and liquid extracts), which showed a high heterogeneity in the levels of phenolic compounds (7.5-250 mg/g of extract) and oleuropein represented up to 94% of total phenolic compounds [31,41]. In this work and considering the experimental assays in Table 3, the values could vary between 63.1 mg/g of extract (run 12) and 112.1 mg/g of extract (run 5), which was also in the range of the latter values.…”

Oleuropein Degradation Kinetics in Olive Leaf and Its Aqueous Extracts

“…Hydroxytyrosol is considered the most powerful antioxidant compound after gallic acid and one of the most powerful antioxidant compounds alongside phenolic and oleuropein compounds [ 7 ]. Due to its high antioxidant capacity, it is a potential therapeutic, antithrombotic, cardioprotective, antitumor microbicide and anti-inflammatory agent [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Furthermore, a health claim on olive oil polyphenols from the European Food Safety Authority states that they contribute to the protection of blood lipids from oxidative stress [ 13 ].…”

A Prospective of Multiple Biopharmaceutical Activities of Procyanidins‐Rich Uapaca togoensis Pax Extracts: HPLC‐ESI‐TOF‐MS Coupled with Bioinformatics Analysis

“…Furthermore, oleuropein was the only secoiridoid found in aqueous leave extracts and bark extracts. Its identification was based on the MS/MS pattern since it gave three fragments at 377 and 275 that are characteristic of this compound [28] . This compound was characterized for the first time in U. togoensis .…”