Oligomeric alkenyl polysulfide: Synthesis and characterization by NMR analysis

Abstract

The reaction of thiols with sulfur in the temperature range 130-160°C to form polysulfides, RS,R/ArS,Ar, where x is the rank of sulfur, has been investigated in some detail.lS2 A free radical mechanism has been proposed for the reaction. It also has been reported that the reaction is base catalyzed.' In the presence of an amine catalyst, the reaction has been reported to occur even at ambient temperature.3 Diethyl amine has been found to be a very effective catalyst in the present study over a temperature range 20-50°C.The base-catalyzed reaction of 2 mole of dodecyl thiol with 3 g atom of sulfur, 2CHpCH-CH2-SH

Recent Advances in Applying Vulcanization/Inverse Vulcanization Methods to Achieve High‐Performance Sulfur‐Containing Polymer Cathode Materials for Li–S Batteries

“…Thiols can react with S 8 under catalysis by an amine to generate polysulfide polymers with structure of RS x R or ArS x Ar (R represents alkyl group; Ar represents aromatic group; x is the rank of sulfur) . However, most of those polysulfide polymer‐based cathodes still suffered from severe shuttle effect.…”

“…Thiols can react with S 8 under catalysis by an amine to generate polysulfide polymers with structure of RS x R or ArS x Ar (R represents alkyl group; Ar represents aromatic group; x is the rank of sulfur). [94] However, most of those polysulfide polymer-based cathodes still suffered from severe shuttle effect. Recently, Kim et al [22] fabricated a 3D interconnected polymer (denoted as S-trithiocyanuric acid (TTCA))-based cathode material for the Li-S cell, which achieved rate capacities of 1210 mAh g −1 at 0.1 C and 730 mAh g −1 at 5 C. The capacities are much higher than those of a cell with a SC cathode (Figure 14f).…”

Inverse vulcanization of elemental sulfur and styrene for polymeric cathodes in Li‐S batteries

“…The inverse vulcanization process is essentially a bulk free radical copolymerization of unsaturated comonomers in liquid sulfur, or sulfur containing solutions. The free radical copolymerization of S 8 with vinylic comonomers, such as, acrylates, vinyl acetates, tetrafluoroethylene, 2‐chloroprene, 1,3‐butadiene, cyclododeca‐1,5,9‐triene, cyclohepta‐1,3,5‐triene, cycloocta‐1,3‐diene, cyclohexene, 1‐methylcyclohexene, norbornene, dicyclo‐pentadiene, tricyclopentadiene, limonene, 6‐dimethylocta‐2,4,6‐triene, 7‐methyl‐3‐methyleneocta‐1,6‐diene, 3,7‐dimethylocta‐1,6‐diene, and 2,6‐dimethylhepta‐1,5‐diene has been investigated in the 1960s and 1970s; however, the formation of low molar mass oligomeric materials were primarily observed from these systems. Of these early studies, the work on the copolymerization of S 8 with styrene was of particular interest for the preparation of polymeric cathode materials for Li‐S batteries due to the very low cost styrene and widespread industrial use of styrenic comonomers for free radical polymerizations.…”

Elemental sulphur in the synthesis of sulphur-containing polymers: reaction mechanisms and green prospects

“…Aliphatic 110 and aromatic 111 dithiols can be used as chain transfer agents, which lead to the formation of their corresponding polymeric polysulfides ( Scheme 5 ). This reaction usually takes place at 400 K using nucleophilic catalysis.…”