Oligocene paleogeography of New Zealand: maximum marine transgression

Mildenhall, D. C.; Mortimer, Nick; Bassett, Kari N.; Kennedy, Elizabeth M.

doi:10.1080/00288306.2014.904387

Cited by 42 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…While it is most likely that parts of New Zealand have persisted above water (Mildenhall et al, 2014), our age estimates indicate that all colonization of New Zealand by extant clades of Myrtaceae occurred after the purported re-emergence of the land mass in the late Oligocene. However, our analysis might have underestimated the ages of the Metrosideros crown and the Neomyrtus + Lophomyrtus stem, depending upon the phylogenetic position of older unpublished New Zealand Metrosideros fossils (Lee et al, 2009;John Conran pers.…”

Section: The Presence Of Myrtaceae On Continental Islandsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…There are also conflicting views on whether New Zealand was completely submerged during the Oligocene (Landis et al, 2008;Waters and Craw, 2006), or partially remained above sea level (Lee et al, 2001;Trewick et al, 2007). Evidence from some New Zealand taxa, as well as new geological evidence, suggests that some land must have stayed above water (Mildenhall et al, 2014).…”

Section: Continental Islandsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Using the approach described above, we tested the hypothesis of vicariance for 22 nodes with long-distance present-day disjunctions in Myrtaceae (Table 1) families Vochysiaceae and Myrtaceae, and also the estimated divergence time between Myrtaceae subfamilies Psiloxyloideae (Africa) and Myrtoideae (Worldwide); (iii) the geological age of the Indian Ocean islands Mauritius 7.8 Ma (McDougall and Chamalaun, 1969) and Reunion c. 2 Ma (Chevallier and Vatin-Perignon, 1982) against the estimated age for the split between Heteropyxis (Africa) and Psiloxylon (Mascarene Islands); (iv) the separation of Zealandia from East Gondwana $80 Ma (McLoughlin, 2001) and the supposed Oligocene drowning of New Zealand (Landis et al, 2008;Mildenhall et al, 2014;Trewick et al, 2007;Waters and Craw, 2006) against numerous nodes that represent sister relationships between Australia/Pacific or New Zealand/South America; (v) the separation of Australia/ Antarctica/South America c. 35-28 Ma (McLoughlin, 2001) against the divergence between the Australasian and South American taxa of tribe Myrteae; (vi) the submergence of New Caledonia for almost 20 Myr until 37 Ma (Grandcolas et al, 2008) against the divergence times between Arillastrum and the Australian eucalypts, Cloezia and all other taxa of Tristanieae, two Sannantha species, and various pairs of Syzygium clades; and (vii) the closure of the Isthmus of Panama 19-10 Ma (Kirby et al, 2008;Montes et al, 2015) against the divergences between particular pairs of South American and Central-Northern American Myrteae taxa.…”

Section: Testing Biogeographic Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interpreting the modern distribution of Myrtaceae using a dated molecular phylogeny

Thornhill

Külheim

et al. 2015

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

157

120

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Section: The Presence Of Myrtaceae On Continental Islandsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Continental Islandsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Testing Biogeographic Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Interpreting the modern distribution of Myrtaceae using a dated molecular phylogeny

Thornhill

Külheim

et al. 2015

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

157

120

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“…The latter hypothesis is much less likely, both from the timing of divergences and because there has only been one reported case of frogs possibly crossing an oceanic stretch as large as 300 km (Vences et al ., ), which is a significantly shorter distance than from any continental landmass to New Zealand. This further diminishes hypothesis 2, while hypothesis 1 is consistent with new geological/palaeontological evidence (Mildenhall et al ., ), applying to both the North Island (Kamp et al ., ) and the South Island (Lee et al ., ) showing continuous land above sea level throughout the Oligocene.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyses of the mitochondrial genome of Leiopelma hochstetteri argues against the full drowning of New Zealand

Carr

McLenachan

Waddell

et al. 2015

Journal of Biogeography

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Aim We used endemic frogs to test the hypothesis that New Zealand was fully submerged during the Oligocene marine transgression (c. 25-35 Ma, the Oligocene drowning) and that all the land biota subsequently arrived by dispersalincluding the poorly dispersing frogs.Location New Zealand. MethodsThe complete mitochondrial genome of the New Zealand native frog Leiopelma hochstetteri was sequenced, assembled and analysed, and compared with that of L. archeyi.Results Using many phylogenetic analyses we examined the evolutionary relationships of the two species of Leiopelma, both for the deepest divergence within New Zealand and relative to other frogs. Our results give estimates of well over 65 Ma for the first divergence of leiopelmatid frogs within New Zealand, and over 150 Ma for the divergence of Leiopelma from its closest relative, the North American tailed frog Ascaphus truei. Main conclusionsThe identification of such a deep divergence among the extant Leiopelma species provides some of the strongest support yet for a mixed-age model for the origin of New Zealand's terrestrial biota, where some elements are of vicariant origin and others have arisen by long-distance dispersal. This contradicts a full drowning model and supports the view that there must have been some continuous land through the Oligocene.

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“…There is no known Trechisibus - Tasmanorites - like clade in New Zealand where the southernmost part is only 3 degrees further north than the southernmost part of Tasmania. The absence of the clade in New Zealand adds fuel to the controversial hypothesis that the original Gondwana biota of New Zealand was drowned during marine transgression in the Oligocene and/or the early Miocene (Mildenhall et al 2014). …”

Section: Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antarctotrechus balli sp. n. (Carabidae, Trechini): the first ground beetle from Antarctica

Ashworth

Erwin

2016

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Fossil elytra of a small trechine carabid are reported from the Oliver Bluffs on the Beardmore Glacier at lat. 85°S. They were compared with counterparts from the extant genera Trechisibus, Tasmanorites, Oxytrechus and Pseudocnides. The fossils share some characters but are sufficiently different to be described as a new genus and species. We named the new species Antarctotrechus balli in honour of George E. Ball who made major contributions to the study of carabids through his own research and the training of students while at the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. The closest extant relatives to the extinct Antarctotrechus balli are species of Trechisibus, which inhabit South America, the Falkland Islands and South Georgia, and Tasmanorites, which inhabit Tasmania, Australia. Plant fossils associated with Antarctotrechus balli included Nothofagus (southern beech), Ranunculus (buttercup), moss mats and cushion plants that were part of a tundra biome. Collectively, the stratigraphic relationships and the growth characteristics of the fossil plants indicate that Antarctotrechus balli inhabited the sparsely-vegetated banks of a stream that was part of an outwash plain at the head of a fjord in the Transantarctic Mountains. Other insects represented by fossils in the tundra biome include a listroderine weevil and a cyclorrhaphan fly. The age of the fossils, based on comparison of associated pollen with 40Ar/39Ar dated pollen assemblages from the McMurdo Dry Valleys, is probably Early to Mid-Miocene in the range 14–20 Ma. The tundra biome, including Antarctotrechus balli, became extinct in the interior of Antarctica about 14 Ma and on the margins of the continent by 10–13 Ma. Antarctotrechus balli confirms that trechines were once widely distributed in Gondwana. For Antarctotrechus balli and other elements of the tundra biome it appears they continued to inhabit a warmer Antarctica for many millions of years after rifting of Tasmania (45 Ma) and southern South America (31 Ma).

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Oligocene paleogeography of New Zealand: maximum marine transgression

Cited by 42 publications

References 15 publications

Interpreting the modern distribution of Myrtaceae using a dated molecular phylogeny

Interpreting the modern distribution of Myrtaceae using a dated molecular phylogeny

Analyses of the mitochondrial genome of Leiopelma hochstetteri argues against the full drowning of New Zealand

Antarctotrechus balli sp. n. (Carabidae, Trechini): the first ground beetle from Antarctica

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