Olfactory Input to the Prefrontal Cortex in the Rat

Clugnet, Marie‐Christine ‐C; Price, Joseph L.

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1987.tb43514.x

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The principal difference, of course, is that direct, monosynaptic projections from the primary olfactory cortex provide a pathway for this input, without any obligatory relay through the diencephalon. In addition to the data presented here, previous studies in the rat and cat have shown that there are projections from many parts of the primary olfactory cortex to the orbital cortex (Krettek and Price, 1977;Clugnet and Price, 1987). Potter and Nauta (1979) also reported a possibly olfactory relay to the LPOF through the entorhinal and perirhinal cortices; it is unclear whether this at least disynaptic relay is truly olfactory in nature, and it can now be recognized that it is a small part of the total olfactory input to the orbital cortex.…”

Section: Comparison With Previous Studiessupporting

confidence: 53%

“…All of these areas receive input from the primary olfactory cortex (Weigand and Price, 1980;Clugnet and Price, 1987;present study) and appear to receive the bulk of their thalamic input from the paratenial or midline nuclei rather than the mediodorsal nucleus (Krettek and Price, 1977;Russchen et al, 1987;Barbas et al, 1991). Topographically, 14c and MO are situated just medial to the olfactory peduncle in both species, whereas 25 and IL occupy the cortex just ventral to the corpus callosum.…”

Section: Comparison With Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 81%

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Central olfactory connections in the macaque monkey

Carmichael

Clugnet

Price

1994

J of Comparative Neurology

542

378

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The connections between the olfactory bulb, primary olfactory cortex, and olfactory related areas of the orbital cortex were defined in macaque monkeys with a combination of anterograde and retrograde axonal tracers and electrophysiological recording. Anterograde tracers placed into the olfactory bulb labeled axons in eight primary olfactory cortical areas: the anterior olfactory nucleus, piriform cortex, ventral tenia tecta, olfactory tubercle, anterior cortical nucleus of the amygdala, periamygdaloid cortex, and olfactory division of the entorhinal cortex. The bulbar axons terminate in the outer part of layer I throughout these areas and are most dense in areas that are close to the lateral olfactory tract. Labeled axons also were found in the superficial part of nucleus of the horizontal diagonal band. Retrograde tracers injected into the olfactory bulb labeled cells in the nucleus of the diagonal band and in all of the primary olfactory cortical areas except the olfactory tubercle. Electrical stimulation of the olfactory bulb evoked short-latency unit responses and a characteristic field wave in the primary olfactory cortex. Multiunit activity in layer II tended to be of shorter latency than that in layer III and the endopiriform nucleus. Associational connections within the primary olfactory cortex were demonstrated with anterograde tracer injections into the piriform cortex and the entorhinal cortex. Injections into the piriform cortex near the lateral olfactory tract labeled axons in the deep part of layer I of many primary olfactory areas, but especially in areas near the tract. An injection into the rostral entorhinal cortex, distant to the lateral olfactory tract, labeled a complementary distribution of axons in deep layer I of olfactory areas medial and caudoventral to the tract. This organization resembles that reported in the primary olfactory cortex of the rat [Luskin and Price (1983) J. Comp. Neurol. 216:264-291]. The anterograde tracer injections into the piriform cortex and retrograde tracer injections into the orbital and medial prefrontal cortex and rostral insula label connections from the primary olfactory cortex to nine areas in the caudal orbital cortex, including the agranular insula areas Iam, Iai, Ial, Iapm, and Iapl and areas 14c, 25, 13a, and 13m. The piriform cortex projects most heavily to layer I of these areas. Only Iam, Iapm, and 13a receive a substantial projection to the deeper layers. Areas Iam, Iapm, and 13a were also the only areas that responded with multiunit action potentials to olfactory bulb stimulation in anesthetized animals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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Section: Comparison With Previous Studiessupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Comparison With Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 81%

Central olfactory connections in the macaque monkey

Carmichael

Clugnet

Price

1994

J of Comparative Neurology

542

378

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The horizontal dotted line indicates the threshold for significant coherence, Ͼ0.21. ( Price, 1985;Cinelli et al, 1987;Clugnet and Price, 1987;Price et al, 1991;Vanderwolf, 1992;Heale et al, 1994;Martin et al, 2006;Kay et al, 2009). Although olfactory structures (presumably including olfactory receptors themselves) are excited in phase with inspiration during unconsciousness when breathing plain air (Wilson, 1998;Fontanini et al, 2003;Fontanini and Bower, 2005), the present study clearly shows that the slow, and likely also the fast, respiratory-related component does not appear to be further transmitted downstream during slow-wave states.…”

Section: Active Versus Resting Olfactory-related Oscillatory Synchronmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…In most cases (n ϭ 23), air movements in the nasal passageway were directly monitored with a thermistor (Thermocouple Wire 30 Gauge Type K; Thermo Electric; Chaput and Holley, 1980) or by making direct measurements of airflow using an air pressure transducer (DP103-10N1S4D; Volidyne Engineering; n ϭ 4; Pagliardini et al, 2012). Care was taken to ensure that referencing artifacts caused by respiratory movements or grounding issues did not interfere with and were not reflected in active signals, especially for thermistor recordings.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neuronal population dynamics, the coordinated spatiotemporal activities of cell assemblies in the brain, are an important feature of the online function of the nervous system in the ongoing regulation of behavior (Buzsáki and Draguhn, 2004;Buzsáki, 2006). Conversely, the spontaneous coordination of neural activity occurring in offline states such as sleep has also been suggested to be important for the modulation and consolidation of neuroplastic changes occurring during prior wakefulness, which would have an impact on future online brain operations and behavior (Buzsáki, 1989(Buzsáki, , 1998Born et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lack of Respiratory Coupling with Neocortical and Hippocampal Slow Oscillations

et al. 2014

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Previous work has demonstrated an influence of the respiratory cycle and, more specifically, rhythmic nasal inspiration for the entrainment of slow oscillations in olfactory cortex during ketamine-xylazine anesthesia. This respiratory entrainment has been suggested to occur more broadly during slow-wave states (including sleep) throughout the forebrain, in particular in the frontal and parahippocampal and hippocampal cortices. Using multisite local field potential recording methods and spectral coherence analysis in the rat, we show here that no such broad forebrain coupling takes place during slow-wave activity patterns under either ketamine-xylazine or urethane anesthesia and, furthermore, that it also does not arise during natural slow-wave sleep. Therefore, respiratory-related oscillatory neural activities are likely limited to primary olfactory structures during slow-wave forebrain states.

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Olfactory projections to the hypothalamus

Price

Slotnick

Revial

1991

J of Comparative Neurology

164

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Electrophysiological recording, together with anterograde and retrograde axonal tracers, was used to provide a comprehensive description of the origin and distribution of the olfactory input to the lateral hypothalamus. This input was much more substantial to the caudal part of the hypothalamus than to the rostral part and originates from several different areas of the olfactory cortex. Positive responses to electrical stimulation of the olfactory bulb were found consistently in the postero-lateral hypothalamus, but only occasionally at more rostral levels. In agreement with this, injections of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) in the posterior half of the lateral hypothalamus labeled cells in four cortical areas that receive input from the olfactory bulb: the anterior olfactory nucleus, the piriform cortex (in the deepest layer or ventral endopiriform nucleus), the olfactory tubercle (in the deep polymorphic layer), and the anterior cortical nucleus of the amygdala. Injections of WGA-HRP in the anterolateral hypothalamus labeled cells only in the anterior cortical nucleus of the amygdala. Anterograde axonal tracing confirmed these projections. Injections of 3H-leucine in the anterior olfactory nucleus, the piriform cortex, and the olfactory tubercle produced axonal label that was light and confined to the medial forebrain bundle in the rostral hypothalamus but was more substantial and extended throughout the lateral hypothalamic area caudally. Injections in the anterior cortical amygdaloid nucleus labeled axons in the anterior hypothalamus and in the premammillary nuclei as well as in the posterolateral hypothalamic area. In addition, a projection was demonstrated to the nuclei gemini from the polymorphic zone deep to the olfactory tubercle. Injections of two fluorescent retrograde tracers into the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus and the posterolateral hypothalamus showed that cells projecting to both diencephalic sites were intermingled in all of the olfactory cortical areas except the anterior olfactory nucleus, where cells were labeled only from the hypothalamus. In the deep layer of the piriform cortex and in the anterior cortical amygdaloid nucleus cells were also double labeled, indicating that they send collateral axons to both parts of the diencephalon.

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Olfactory Input to the Prefrontal Cortex in the Rat

Cited by 24 publications

References 1 publication

Central olfactory connections in the macaque monkey

Central olfactory connections in the macaque monkey

Lack of Respiratory Coupling with Neocortical and Hippocampal Slow Oscillations

Olfactory projections to the hypothalamus

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