Olfactory Functioning in First-Episode Psychosis

Kamath, Vidyulata; Lasutschinkow, Patricia C.; Ishizuka, Koko; Sawa, Akira

doi:10.1093/schbul/sbx107

Cited by 50 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Thus, our results are consistent with and reinforce the hypothesis that embryonic insults early in fetal development, which can give rise to both structural and behavioral olfactory anomalies, result in a heightened, but not inevitable, risk for both psychosis and overall functional impairment. Actual psychosis, if it emerges, may span the schizophrenia‐bipolar spectrum, with more widespread olfactory dysfunction observed in schizophrenia …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory processing in bipolar disorder, major depression, and anxiety

et al. 2018

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory processing in bipolar disorder, major depression, and anxiety

et al. 2018

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“…HCs and FEP patients, with FEP being defined as those who had experienced their first episode of psychosis within the 2 years prior to their enrollment, were recruited through the Johns Hopkins Schizophrenia Center. Details about the recruitment, inclusion and exclusion criteria, demographics, and clinical features are described in published articles by our group (Kamath et al, 2019; Kamath, Lasutschinkow, Ishizuka, & Sawa, 2018; Wang et al, 2019). In the present study, the participants included individuals with FEP ( n = 87) [SZ ( n = 47), schizoaffective disorder ( n = 14), bipolar disorder with psychotic features ( n = 20), major depressive disorder with psychotic features ( n = 6)] and 62 HC.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MultimodalMRIassessment for first episode psychosis: A major change in the thalamus and an efficient stratification of a subgroup

Faria

Zhao

et al. 2020

Human Brain Mapping

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Multi‐institutional brain imaging studies have emerged to resolve conflicting results among individual studies. However, adjusting multiple variables at the technical and cohort levels is challenging. Therefore, it is important to explore approaches that provide meaningful results from relatively small samples at institutional levels. We studied 87 first episode psychosis (FEP) patients and 62 healthy subjects by combining supervised integrated factor analysis (SIFA) with a novel pipeline for automated structure‐based analysis, an efficient and comprehensive method for dimensional data reduction that our group recently established. We integrated multiple MRI features (volume, DTI indices, resting state fMRI—rsfMRI) in the whole brain of each participant in an unbiased manner. The automated structure‐based analysis showed widespread DTI abnormalities in FEP and rs‐fMRI differences between FEP and healthy subjects mostly centered in thalamus. The combination of multiple modalities with SIFA was more efficient than the use of single modalities to stratify a subgroup of FEP (individuals with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder) that had more robust deficits from the overall FEP group. The information from multiple MRI modalities and analytical methods highlighted the thalamus as significantly abnormal in FEP. This study serves as a proof‐of‐concept for the potential of this methodology to reveal disease underpins and to stratify populations into more homogeneous sub‐groups.

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“…As the olfactory system and limbic regions extensively connected to it are known to play an important role in mammalian maternal behaviour (Corona and Lévy 2015 ; Croy et al 2019 ), it is plausible that STS deficiency acts to elicit postpartum behavioural symptoms in humans and mice via disturbed olfactory receptor function; potentially, disturbed olfaction could adversely impact upon intermediate phenotypes such as mother-offspring bonding, social judgement, sensory anhedonia, and/or stress modulation. Feasibly, abnormal olfactory processing and the abnormal activity of underlying neural and molecular substrates may play a role in idiopathic postpartum mood disorder risk; consistent with this idea, aberrant olfactory function has been described in several non-postpartum mood conditions (Kamath et al 2018 ).…”

Section: Molecular Mechanisms Associated With Postpartum Symptoms In Steroid Sulfatase–deficient Femalesmentioning

confidence: 79%

A new molecular risk pathway for postpartum mood disorders: clues from steroid sulfatase–deficient individuals

Thippeswamy

Davies

2020

Arch Womens Ment Health

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Postpartum mood disorders develop shortly after childbirth in a significant proportion of women. These conditions are associated with a range of symptoms including abnormally high or low mood, irritability, cognitive disorganisation, disrupted sleep, hallucinations/delusions, and occasionally suicidal or infanticidal ideation; if not treated promptly, they can substantially impact upon the mother’s health, mother-infant bonding, and family dynamics. The biological precipitants of such disorders remain unclear, although large changes in maternal immune and hormonal physiology following childbirth are likely to play a role. Pharmacological therapies for postpartum mood disorders can be effective, but may be associated with side effects, concerns relating to breastfeeding, and teratogenicity risks when used prophylactically. Furthermore, most of the drugs that are used to treat postpartum mood disorders are the same ones that are used to treat mood episodes during non-postpartum periods. A better understanding of the biological factors predisposing to postpartum mood disorders would allow for rational drug development, and the identification of predictive biomarkers to ensure that ‘at risk’ mothers receive earlier and more effective clinical management. We describe new findings relating to the role of the enzyme steroid sulfatase in maternal postpartum behavioural processes, and discuss how these point to a novel molecular risk pathway underlying postpartum mood disorders. Specifically, we suggest that aberrant steroid hormone–dependent regulation of neuronal calcium influx via extracellular matrix proteins and membrane receptors involved in responding to the cell’s microenvironment might be important. Testing of this hypothesis might identify novel therapeutic targets and predictive biomarkers.

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Olfactory Functioning in First-Episode Psychosis

Cited by 50 publications

References 75 publications

Olfactory processing in bipolar disorder, major depression, and anxiety

Olfactory processing in bipolar disorder, major depression, and anxiety

MultimodalMRIassessment for first episode psychosis: A major change in the thalamus and an efficient stratification of a subgroup

A new molecular risk pathway for postpartum mood disorders: clues from steroid sulfatase–deficient individuals

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