Olfactory ensheathing cells promote collateral axonal branching in the injured adult rat spinal cord

Chuah, Mi; Choi-Lundberg, DL; Weston, S; Vincent, AJ; Chung, Roger S.; Vickers, James C.; West, AK

doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2003.09.008

Cited by 75 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Although inter-group differences in CS axon regrowth were only found directly rostral to the injury site, in both OEC/ONF-transplanted animals and untreated control animals, a few CS axons were observed in the gray matter underneath the lesion site and within the gray matter of the caudal spinal tissue. In line with this, others found a similar CS axon regrowth response after OEC transplantation into large lesion gaps associated with thoracic dorsal column transection (Chuah et al, 2004).…”

Section: Multifactorial Transplantation Strategy and Regrowth Of Injusupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Obviously, this may have influenced the migration of the transplanted OEC/ONF within the host spinal tissue. The lack of OEC/ONF migration within the host spinal tissue was also reported by others who transplanted purified OEC cultures into the host spinal tissue close to large spinal lesion gaps (Chuah et al, 2004). Hence, it is advisable to use multiple cell injections to create a continuum of these cells with spinal cords with large lesion gaps.…”

Section: Survival and Migration Of Transplanted Oec/onfmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…In contrast to small spinal lesion gaps, large spinal lesion gaps require long-distance axon regrowth. Acute transplantation of purified OEC cultures has stimulated very few injured CS axons to re grow around large spinal lesion gaps (Chuah et al, 2004). Recently, it was claimed that OEC and ONF are involved in long-distance olfactory axon regeneration (Li et al, 2005).…”

Section: Oec Vs Oec/onfmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Olfactory ensheathing cells, olfactory nerve fibroblasts and biomatrices to promote long-distance axon regrowth and functional recovery in the dorsally hemisected adult rat spinal cord

Deumens¹,

Koopmans²,

Honig³

et al. 2006

Experimental Neurology

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Cellular transplantation, including olfactory ensheathing cells (OEC) and olfactory nerve fibroblasts (ONF), after experimental spinal cord injury in the rat has previously resulted in regrowth of severed corticospinal (CS) axons across small lesion gaps and partial functional recovery. In order to stimulate CS axon regrowth across large lesion gaps, we used a multifactorial transplantation strategy to create an OEC/ONF continuum in spinal cords with a 2-mm-long dorsal hemisection lesion gap. This strategy involved the use of aligned OEC/ONF-poly(D,L)-lactide biomatrix bridges within the lesion gap and OEC/ONF injections at 1 mm rostral and caudal to the lesion gap. In order to test the effects of this complete strategy, control animals only received injections with culture medium rostral and caudal to the lesion gap. Anatomically, our multifactorial intervention resulted in an enhanced presence of injured CS axons directly rostral to the lesion gap (65.0 ± 12.8% in transplanted animals versus 13.1 ± 3.9% in control animals). No regrowth of these axons was observed through the lesion site, which may be related to a lack of OEC/ONF survival on the biomatrices. Furthermore, a 10-fold increase of neurofilament-positive axon ingrowth into the lesion site as compared to untreated control animals was observed.With the use of quantitative gait analysis, a modest recovery in stride length and swing speed of the hind limbs was observed. Although multifactorial strategies may be needed to stimulate repair of large spinal lesion gaps, we conclude that the combined use of OEC/ONF and poly(D,L)-lactide biomatrices is rather limited.

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Section: Multifactorial Transplantation Strategy and Regrowth Of Injusupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Survival and Migration Of Transplanted Oec/onfmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Oec Vs Oec/onfmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Olfactory ensheathing cells, olfactory nerve fibroblasts and biomatrices to promote long-distance axon regrowth and functional recovery in the dorsally hemisected adult rat spinal cord

Deumens¹,

Koopmans²,

Honig³

et al. 2006

Experimental Neurology

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“…Recent data suggest that the mechanism of functional return may be more complex than regrowth of lesioned axons. In fact, OEC transplantation protects spinal tissue from secondary damage and prevents cavitation, [241][242][243][244][245][246] enhances vascularization of the lesion site 235,246 and promotes branching of neighboring axons spared by the primary injury, 247 all of which might subserve improved functional outcome. While earlier transplant experiments sought to isolate OECs without other cellular components of the olfactory nerve, recent work suggests that the recovery of function is enhanced by including other cell types, such as olfactory nerve fibroblasts (ONFs), in the graft.…”

Section: In the Spotlight: Schwann Cells And Oecsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Setting the stage for functional repair of spinal cord injuries: a cast of thousands

2005

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Here we review mechanisms and molecules that necessitate protection and oppose axonal growth in the injured spinal cord, representing not only a cast of villains but also a company of therapeutic targets, many of which have yet to be fully exploited. We next discuss recent progress in the fields of bridging, overcoming conduction block and rehabilitation after spinal cord injury (SCI), where several treatments in each category have entered the spotlight, and some are being tested clinically. Finally, studies that combine treatments targeting different aspects of SCI are reviewed. Although experiments applying some treatments in combination have been completed, auditions for each part in the much-sought combination therapy are ongoing, and performers must demonstrate robust anatomical regeneration and/or significant return of function in animal models before being considered for a lead role.Spinal Cord (2005) 43, 134-161.

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“…These cells are non-myelinating glial cells that ensheath olfactory axons (11,12) and can penetrate the transition zone between the peripheral and central nervous systems. Several studies have shown that OECs present a great potential to guide axons in spinal cord injury (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18) and in other neural diseases (19)(20)(21)(22). In other studies, where peripheral nerves were used as bridges to link injured nerve tracts, the use of OECs showed effectiveness in reducing glial scar, modulate microglial reactivity and promote axonal growth (23)(24)(25)(26).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-Dimensional Migration of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells on Synthetic Materials: Experimental and Numerical Characterization

Pérez-Garnés

Martínez‐Ramos

Barcia

et al. 2012

Cell Biochem Biophys

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Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) are of great interest for regenerative purposes since they are believed to aid axonal growth. With the view set on strategies to achieve reconnection between neuronal structures it is of greatest importance to characterize the behaviour of these cells on long thread-like structures that may efficiently guide cell spread in a targeted way. Here rat OECs were studied on polycaprolactone long monofilaments, on long bars and on discs. Polycaprolactone turns out to be an excellent substrate for OECs. The cells cover long distances along the monofilaments, and colonize completely these structures. With the help of a one-dimensional analytical model a migration coefficient, a net proliferation rate constant, and the fraction of all cells which undergo migration were obtained. The separate effect of the three phenomena summarized by these parameters on the colonization patterns of the onedimensional paths was qualitatively discussed. Other features of interest were also determined, such as the speed of the advance front of colonization and the order of the kinetics of net cell proliferation. Characterizing migration by means of these quantities may be useful for comparing and predicting features of the colonization process (such as times, patterns, advance fronts, proportion of motile cells) of different cell-substrate combinations.

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Olfactory ensheathing cells promote collateral axonal branching in the injured adult rat spinal cord

Cited by 75 publications

References 42 publications

Olfactory ensheathing cells, olfactory nerve fibroblasts and biomatrices to promote long-distance axon regrowth and functional recovery in the dorsally hemisected adult rat spinal cord

Olfactory ensheathing cells, olfactory nerve fibroblasts and biomatrices to promote long-distance axon regrowth and functional recovery in the dorsally hemisected adult rat spinal cord

Setting the stage for functional repair of spinal cord injuries: a cast of thousands

One-Dimensional Migration of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells on Synthetic Materials: Experimental and Numerical Characterization

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