Olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis: insights into the underlying mechanisms and treatments

Song, Jing; Wang, Ming; Zhang, Luo

doi:10.1080/1744666x.2023.2235891

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 140 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the present study, 46.3% patients suffered from olfactory dysfunction, and among them, 64.6% were male, which was similar to a previous study ( 19 , 20 ). In recent years, a growing number of studies have confirmed that CRS subtypes classified according to JESREC score and components of JESREC score, including nasal polyps, peripheral eosinophilia, and lesion location, were closely related with olfactory function ( 14 , 21 – 23 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Association between peripheral eosinophilia, JESREC score, and olfactory dysfunction in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis

Zhang,

Li,

Wang

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectiveThe purpose was to evaluate the relationship between peripheral eosinophilia, Japan Epidemiological Survey of Refractory Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis (JESREC) score, and olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients and to explore the accuracy and specific cut points of the JESREC score in predicting olfactory dysfunction.MethodsIn this cross-sectional, retrospective study, olfactory function was assessed by the Sniffin’ Sticks 12-item test and multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out. Receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted to derive accuracy and cutoff values for the JESREC scores of the olfactory dysfunction criterion.ResultsA total of 354 patients [mean (SD) age, 50.0 (14.9) years; 41.8% women] were included in the final analysis. The prevalence of olfactory dysfunction was 46.3%. Individuals who had olfactory dysfunction were more likely to be male (64.6% vs. 52.6%), have eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS) (39.0% vs. 7.9%), have a longer course of CRS (2.3 years vs. 1.5 years), have higher JESREC scores (8.5 vs. 4.5), and have higher proportions of nasal polyps (78.7% vs. 18.9%) and peripheral eosinophilia (3.3% vs. 1.4%). In logistic analysis, the percentage of eosinophils (1.25, 1.13–1.37), JESREC score (1.31, 1.22–1.40), bilateral lesion (2.06, 1.25–3.41), nasal polyps (15.83, 9.23–27.16), CT shadow (2.73, 1.69–4.43), and ECRS (6.86, 3.68–12.80) were associated with olfactory dysfunction in CRS patients after controlling for covariates, while peripheral neutrophils were not significant. In addition, the area under the curve was 0.778 and the cutoff value for JESREC score for olfactory dysfunction was defined as 5.5.ConclusionsPeripheral eosinophilia and high JESREC scores were significantly associated with the risk of olfactory dysfunction in CRS patients, and special attention should be paid to patients with a JESREC score ≥6.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Association between peripheral eosinophilia, JESREC score, and olfactory dysfunction in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis

Zhang,

Li,

Wang

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Noteworthy symptoms include nasal congestion, excessive secretion, and a frequently encountered olfactory dysfunction. Even following surgical removal of pathological sinus mucosa in chronic sinusitis cases, persistent and severe olfactory dysfunction is a common outcome [ 28 , 29 ]. The control of inflammation plays a pivotal role in determining the olfactory state of patients with chronic sinusitis.…”

Section: Inducing Factors and Pathogenesis Of Olfactory Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory dysfunction and the role of stem cells in the regeneration of olfactory neurons

Yu,

Chen,

Jiang

et al. 2024

Heliyon

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Moreover, each ON extends a single axon that crosses the cribriform plate reaching the glomerular structure of the olfactory bulb, where they synapse with the second-order neurons that in turn project into the olfactory cortex [ 59 ]. Mature ONs are enwrapped by sustentacular cells, which play key roles in odor processing and preservation of epithelial integrity, providing structural and metabolic support to OSNs impacting the way that ONs detect odorants [ 60 – 62 ].…”

Section: Olfactory Dysfunction In Type 2 and Non-type 2 Inflammatory Uadmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In CRS, as result of chronic inflammatory damage and the infiltrating eosinophils, OE loses its normal structure and function [ 62 , 73 ••, 74 ]. Eroded OE has been shown to be the most prevalent in CRS patients with anosmia and the highest density of eosinophil infiltration [ 73 ••].…”

Section: Effects Of Type 2 and Non-type 2 Inflammation On Olfactory E...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Type 2 and Non-type 2 Inflammation in the Upper Airways: Cellular and Molecular Alterations in Olfactory Neuroepithelium Cell Populations

Marin,

Alobid,

López-Chacón

et al. 2024

Curr Allergy Asthma Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose of Review Neurogenesis occurring in the olfactory epithelium is critical to continuously replace olfactory neurons to maintain olfactory function, but is impaired during chronic type 2 and non-type 2 inflammation of the upper airways. In this review, we describe the neurobiology of olfaction and the olfactory alterations in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (type 2 inflammation) and post-viral acute rhinosinusitis (non-type 2 inflammation), highlighting the role of immune response attenuating olfactory neurogenesis as a possibly mechanism for the loss of smell in these diseases. Recent Findings Several studies have provided relevant insights into the role of basal stem cells as direct participants in the progression of chronic inflammation identifying a functional switch away from a neuro-regenerative phenotype to one contributing to immune defense, a process that induces a deficient replacement of olfactory neurons. The interaction between olfactory stem cells and immune system might critically underlie ongoing loss of smell in type 2 and non-type 2 inflammatory upper airway diseases. Summary In this review, we describe the neurobiology of olfaction and the olfactory alterations in type 2 and non-type 2 inflammatory upper airway diseases, highlighting the role of immune response attenuating olfactory neurogenesis, as a possibly mechanism for the lack of loss of smell recovery.

show abstract

Olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis: insights into the underlying mechanisms and treatments

Cited by 4 publications

References 140 publications

Association between peripheral eosinophilia, JESREC score, and olfactory dysfunction in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis

Association between peripheral eosinophilia, JESREC score, and olfactory dysfunction in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis

Olfactory dysfunction and the role of stem cells in the regeneration of olfactory neurons

Type 2 and Non-type 2 Inflammation in the Upper Airways: Cellular and Molecular Alterations in Olfactory Neuroepithelium Cell Populations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About