Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunction as an Early Identifier of COVID‐19 in Adults and Children: An International Multicenter Study

Qiu, Chenghao; Cui, Chong; Hautefort, Charlotte; Haehner, Antje; Zhao, Jun; Yao, Qi; Zeng, Hui; Nisenbaum, Eric; Liu, Li; Zhao, Yu; Zhang, Di; Levine, Corinna G.; Cejas, Ivette; Dai, Qi; Zeng, Mei; Herman, Philippe; Jourdaine, Clément; With, Katja de; Draf, Julia; Chen, Bing; Jayaweera, Dushyantha; Denneny, James C.; Casiano, Roy R.; Yu, Hongmeng; Eshraghi, Adrien A.; Hummel, Thomas; Liu, Zongping; Shu, Yilai; Lu, Hongzhou

doi:10.1177/0194599820934376

Cited by 144 publications

(179 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…We identified 2 meta-analyses of 24 and 21 studies/case reports respectively that described patients with olfactory/ gustatory dysfunction [69,70]. In addition, we describe 11 studies that evaluated olfactory/gustatory dysfunction in COVID-19 patients (Table 6) [71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81].…”

Section: Search Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They found that the use of intranasal or oral steroids enhanced the recovery of COVID-19related olfactory/gustatory dysfunction [70]. We found 11 studies that specifically evaluated gustatory and olfactory functions in patients with COVID-19 infection [71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81]. Majority of patients had olfactory/gustatory dysfunction in addition to other symptoms like fever, cough, sore throat, and headache.…”

Section: Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Neuromuscular presentations in patients with COVID-19

et al. 2020

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COVID-19 is caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 that has an affinity for neural tissue. There are reports of encephalitis, encephalopathy, cranial neuropathy, Guillain-Barrè syndrome, and myositis/rhabdomyolysis in patients with COVID-19. In this review, we focused on the neuromuscular manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We analyzed all published reports on SARS-CoV-2-related peripheral nerve, neuromuscular junction, muscle, and cranial nerve disorders. Olfactory and gustatory dysfunction is now accepted as an early manifestation of COVID-19 infection. Inflammation, edema, and axonal damage of olfactory bulb have been shown in autopsy of patients who died of COVID-19. Olfactory pathway is suggested as a portal of entry of SARS-CoV-2 in the brain. Similar to involvement of olfactory bulb, isolated oculomotor, trochlear and facial nerve has been described. Increasing reports Guillain-Barrè syndrome secondary to COVID-19 are being published. Unlike typical GBS, most of COVID-19-related GBS were elderly, had concomitant pneumonia or ARDS, more prevalent demyelinating neuropathy, and relatively poor outcome. Myalgia is described among the common symptoms of COVID-19 after fever, cough, and sore throat. Duration of myalgia may be related to the severity of COVID-19 disease. Few patients had muscle weakness and elevated creatine kinase along with elevated levels of acute-phase reactants. All these patients with myositis/rhabdomyolysis had severe respiratory complications related to COVID-19. A handful of patients with myasthenia gravis showed exacerbation of their disease after acquiring COVID-19 disease. Most of these patients recovered with either intravenous immunoglobulins or steroids.

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Section: Search Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Neuromuscular presentations in patients with COVID-19

et al. 2020

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“…The prevalence rates of ageusia and anosmia, ageusia, and anosmia were 8.51%, 11.35%, and 4.96%, respectively, making the overall prevalence rate 24.82% Table 1. Qiu et al multi-centric case series study found that 41% of the COVID-19 patients complained from STA [10]. Speth et al reported that the prevalence rate of olfactory dysfunction was 61.2% [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chemosensory dysfunctions are common problems during the pandemic COVID-19 crisis. Smell and taste Abnormalities (STA) were the rst and the only complaints in 10% of subjects, 19% experienced STA before other classical symptoms like fever and cough, as well as 25% of the children had only STA at the time of the presentation [10]. Therefore, these disorders are indicators of early cases of COVID-19 disease and necessary for screening and infection control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Anosmia and Ageusia in Patients with COVID-19 at a Primary Health Center, Doha, Qatar

Al-Ani

Acharya

2020

Preprint

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Background: Loss of smell and taste are common complaints in patients with the COVID-19 disease. These symptoms may present alone or with other symptoms. It is of utmost importance to know their rates of occurrence for better controlling of the infection. Objectives: To detect the prevalence of anosmia and ageusia in individuals with COVID-19 in Al-Wajbah Primary Health Center, Doha, Qatar.Materials and methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Al-Wajbah Primary Health Center, Doha, Qatar. The study covered the two-month period -May and June 2020. The proven cases of COVID-19 by real-time PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) were enrolled in the study. Data regarding the age, gender, symptomatology including anosmia and ageusia, history of recent travel, smoking, past history of nasal and paranasal diseases (NPND), and severity of the disease were taken from the patients’ records. IBM- SPSS version 22 statistical software was used for the analysis of the data.Results: Out of 141, 35 (24.82%) subject presented with anosmia, ageusia or both. Most of the patients were from age group >30 year (n=104, 73.76%) with nearly equal gender. The majority of the individuals were without history of recent travel (92.2%) and smoking (80.14%). Three-quarters of the patients were asymptomatic, and 51.06% with a past history of NPND. The male sex, history of recent travel, smoking, and severe course of the disease were positive, highly significant association with anosmia or ageusia. All patients returned to their normal smell and taste sensations within a mean duration of 6.89 days.Conclusion: Loss of taste and smell were common symptomatology of COVID-19 disease. The males, recent travel, smoking, and severe course of the disease were risk factors of the anosmia and ageusia in COVID-19 cases.

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International consensus statement on allergy and rhinology: Olfaction

Patel

Holbrook

Turner

et al. 2022

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol

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Background:The literature regarding clinical olfaction, olfactory loss, and olfactory dysfunction has expanded rapidly over the past two decades, with an exponential rise in the past year. There is substantial variability in the quality of this literature and a need to consolidate and critically review the evidence. It is with that aim that we have gathered experts from around the world to produce this International Consensus on Allergy and Rhinology: Olfaction (ICAR:O). Methods: Using previously described methodology, specific topics were developed relating to olfaction. Each topic was assigned a literature review, evidence-based review, or evidence-based review with recommendations format as dictated by available evidence and scope within the ICAR:O document. Following iterative reviews of each topic, the ICAR:O document was integrated and reviewed by all authors for final consensus. Results:The ICAR:O document reviews nearly 100 separate topics within the realm of olfaction, including diagnosis, epidemiology, disease burden, diagnosis, testing, etiology, treatment, and associated pathologies. Conclusion:This critical review of the existing clinical olfaction literature provides much needed insight and clarity into the evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with olfactory dysfunction, while also clearly delineating gaps in our knowledge and evidence base that we should investigate further.

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Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunction as an Early Identifier of COVID‐19 in Adults and Children: An International Multicenter Study

Cited by 144 publications

References 16 publications

Neuromuscular presentations in patients with COVID-19

Neuromuscular presentations in patients with COVID-19

Prevalence of Anosmia and Ageusia in Patients with COVID-19 at a Primary Health Center, Doha, Qatar

International consensus statement on allergy and rhinology: Olfaction

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