Olefin–substituted silicas as active fillers for polymers

Neimark, I. E.; Chuiko, A. A.; Slinyakova, I. B.

doi:10.1002/pen.760020222

Cited by 2 publications

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“…But the increase in heat distortion temperature in the presence of fillers could be quite substantial, often by as much as 10-20 • C or more. In general, fillers raise the heat distortion temperature of a material by the increase in modulus and the reduction in high temperature creep of a material in the presence of fillers (43)(44)(45).…”

Section: Fillersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fillers

Tsou¹,

Waddell²

2004

Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology

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Fillers are particulate materials added to polymers in order to improve the physical properties and/or to reduce the cost of the composite. They can be classified according to their source, function, composition, and/or morphology. No single classification scheme is entirely adequate because of the overlap and ambiguity of these categories. The chemical composition and its effect on composite physical properties typically classify fillers into three broad categories: nonreinforcing or degrading, semireinforcing or extending, and reinforcing fillers. Use of fillers in many commerical polymers is for the enhancement in stiffness, strength, dimensional stability, toughness, heat distortion temperature, damping, impermeability, and cost reduction, although not all of these desirable features are found in any single filled polymer. Improvements in composite physical properties is directly related to particle size, whereby the smaller particulate fillers impart greater reinforcement. Particle‐size distribution and particle shape also have significant effects on composite reinforcement. Filler structure ranges from precise geometrical forms, such as spheres, hexagonal plates, or short fibers, to irregular masses. A particle with a high aspect ratio has higher reinforcement than a more spherical one. Fillers having a broad particle‐size distribution have better packing in the polymer matrix and provide lower viscosity than that provided by an equal volume of the filler with a narrow particle‐size distribution. The properties of particulate‐filled polymers are determined by the properties of the components, by the shape of the filler phase, by the morphology of the system, and by the polymer‐filler interfacial interactions.

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Section: Fillersmentioning

confidence: 99%